Indefinite (Simple) Tense

(Часи групи Indefinite)

PRESENT	PAST		FUTURE
I, you, we, they work He, she, it works	worked went (2 форма)		will work
NEGATIVE
I don’t work He, she, it doesn’t work		didn’t work	will not (won’t) work
INTERROGATIVE
Do you work...? Does he, she, it work...?		Did he work...?	Will you work...?

Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Вживається для позначення дії, яка трапляється звичайно, регулярно у теперішньому часі, або для констатації позачасових фактів та явищ. Часто використовуються такі обставини: always, often, seldom, rarely, sometimes, usually, every day, never, frequently, as a rule.

I usually get up early. – Я звичайно встаю рано.

The Sun rises in the East. – Сонце встає на сході.

Exercise 37 Make the sentences negative and interrogative.

1. Не always comes home late in the evening. 2. I often visit my parents. 3. They study every day. 4. We learn English. 5. They speak English very well. 6. We usually go to the seaside on holiday. 7. My little brother likes cocoa with cereals.

Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Вживається для позначення одноразових або послідовних дій у минулому. Обставини минулого часу: last month, some days ago, yesterday, long ago, the day before yesterday та ін. Також вживається у питальних реченнях, що починаються з when, what time.

I worked hard and finally won the prize.

When did you see her last?

Exercise 38 Read the verbs paying attention to different pronunciation of the –ed suffix.

[t]	[d]	[id]
like – liked reap – reaped hope – hoped miss – missed work – worked pack – packed	phone – phoned play – played cry – cried snow – snowed tie – tied try – tried	state – stated end – ended fade – faded want – wanted spot – spotted upgrade – upgraded

Exercise 39 Name the Past Simple of the following verbs.

Go, help, study, read, ask, give, play, come, fly, begin, get.

Exercise 40 Make these sentences negative and interrogative.

1. I went to London last year. 2. He helped his brother yesterday. 3. They studied at the University ten years ago. 4. He read adventure books in his childhood. 5. She gave me some pictures yesterday.

Future Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Вживається для позначення майбутніх дій. В сучасній мові допоміжне дієслово will вживається для вcix ociб (але shall для першої особи може вживатися в офіційному стилі). Обставини часу: tomorrow, in a year, next week, soon, the day after tomorrow та ін.

We will take exams in June.

I will go to Kiev next month.

Exercise 41 Make these sentences negative and interrogative.

1. They will live in the country in summer. 2. We will play tennis next weekend. 3. She will study at college next year. 4. They will have a very important match next Saturday. 5. She will leave school in a year.

Exercise 42 Say the sentences in the Past and Future Simple, adding the appropriate time guide. Beforehand, revise the forms of irregular verbs: come, go, have, read, take, begin, leave, swim, tell, and know.

1. I usually come to the Academy at nine. 2. He goes to work by metro. 3. I don’t often take books from the library. 4. My friend leaves for Moscow. 5. My son tells me everything. 6. The little boy skates well. 7. The girl learns to dance. 8. He doesn’t swim at all. 9. I play tennis every Thursday. 10. We know many English words. 11. She often helps her mother about the house. 12. I study at college.

Exercise 43 Change the verbs in brackets in accordance with the context.

1. My friend (work) at a factory. 2. Our group (go) to the theatre next month. 3. My mom (graduate) from the Academy 15 years ago. 4. I (come) home later than usual yesterday. 5. He (read) the book about Robinson Crusoe in his childhood. 6. Schoolchildren (have) the longest holidays in summer. 7. The great Russian poet A.S.Pushkin (be born) in 1799. 8. The teacher (ask) the new grammar rule at the next lesson. 9. My little sister usually (sleep) till 10 o’clock. 10. My mother (celebrate) her birthday two days ago.

Exercise 44 Match a line in A with a line in B. Put the verb in A into the Present Simple and the verb in B into the Past Simple.

A	B
a I usually (work) eight hours a day, but b Ann usually (drive) to work, but c Max usually (watch) TV in the evenings, but d Ann and Max usually (go) sailing at weekends, but e It usually (rain) a lot in winter, but f Max and I usually (go) camping in August, but	1 last summer we (stay) in a hotel. 2 last weekend they (play) tennis. 3 yesterday I (start) at 9 a.m. and (finish) at 9 p.m. 4 last year it (snow) for three months. 5 yesterday she (walk). 6 yesterday evening he (listen) to music.

Exercise 45 Complete the sentences with the positive form of the verb. Remember the past form of irregular verbs.

Model: I didn’t go to New York, I went to Chicago.

1. We didn’t meet Jim, we ... Max. 2. He didn’t leave last Tuesday, he ... last Thursday. 3. We didn’t see Alice, we ... Marry. 4. They didn’t buy a Volvo, they ... a Saab. 5. You didn’t know the answer, Tom ... the answer. 6. I didn’t lose my passport, I ... my ticket. 7. We didn’t have white wine, we ... red wine. 8. He didn’t write a letter, he ... a postcard. 9. The film didn’t begin at 6.30p.m., it ... at 7.30p.m. 10. Shakespeare didn’t write music, he ... plays. 11. Christopher Columbus didn’t discover India, he ... America. 12. Beethoven didn’t come from Paris, he ... from Germany. 13. Leonardo da Vinci didn’t live in Germany, he ... in Italy. 14. The USA didn’t win the last Football World Cup, Italy ... it.

Exercise 46 Make sentences in the Past Tense using one word or phrase from each column once only. Remember the Past form of irregular verbs.

Model:

John

did

his homework

2 days ago.

John	catch	a letter	a year ago.
Ann	break	his homework	yesterday.
Nelly	fall	a new car	when he was at University.
Paul	write	down the stairs	last week.
Mark	feel	very happy	the other day.
Victor	do	a picture	when she was a child.
Sandra	speak	a fish	last Tuesday.
Dennis	buy	to his friend	recently.
Elizabeth	draw	a glass	the day before yesterday.

Exercise 47 Put the verbs into the Past, Present or Future Simple.

My friend Jack is 35. He (leave) Britain when he was 20 and (go) to Italy. He (work) in Naples for eight years, then he (move) to Rome. There he (meet) Antonella. They (get) married in 2001 and now they (live) in Florence. Jack (teach) English in a language school. And what Antonella (do)? She (sell) computer software. But she is going to leave her job because in six months she (have) a baby. They are both very happy.

Exercise 48 Translate the sentences.

1. Він працює на заводі. 2. Він вчився у коледжі багато років тому. 3. Вона добре грає в теніс. 4. Я прочитав цю книгу на тому тижні. 5. Ми любимо добрі фільми. 6. Я відповів на ваше запитання кілька хвилин тому. 7. Куди ми поїдемо? 8. Вона не працює в школі. 9. Ти дивився телевізор вчора? 10. Я прийду завтра. 11. Ви розмовляєте англійською? 12. Ви добре розмовляєте французькою. 13. Ти не допоміг мені вчора. 14. Ми не будемо завтра вчитись. 15. Ми не говорили про це. 16. Вони не живуть у цьому домі. 17. Куди ви їздили минулого літа? 18. Я не бачив його вчора. 19. Їх діти ходять до школи? 20. Ми поїдемо влітку до Москви. 21. Ви підете додому?