Word building

Prefixes: trans-, inter-, re-, under-, sub-

Adjective suffixes: -ary, -ar, -ish

Noun suffixes: -dom, -hood

Exercise 45 Translate the words, paying attention to prefixes.

under- underline, undervalue, understate, undertake, underset, undercharge, undersell, underpay, underground, underproduction, underestimate;

trans- transcontinental, transformation, trans-Siberian, trans-Atlantic, transplantation, transplant;

inter- international, interdepartmental, to intermix, interact, interrelate, interdepend, Internet, interface, intercity, interplanetary;

re- rearrange, refurnish, remake, recopy, reread, resell, recover, refill, reappear, reorganize, re-examine, re-elect, re-unite.

sub- subtitle, subagent, subrent, submental, subsystem, subnormal, subsensible, subdivision, subordinate.

Exercise 46 Translate the adjectives.

Legendary, revolutionary, momentary, elementary, reactionary, solitary, military, supplementary, primary, preliminary, ordinary, literary, disciplinary.

Exercise 47 Translate the words paying attention to suffix –ish.

Blackish, fattish, sweetish tea, babyish, Swedish, British, foolish, Danish, Scottish, English, waterish eyes, bookish words, Anglo-Irish.

Exercise 48 Translate the nouns paying attention to suffixes –dom and –hood.

Kingdom, freedom, childhood, manhood, Christendom, wisdom, officialdom, neighbourhood, falsehood, parenthood, fairyhood, motherhood, brotherhood, girlhood.

Exercise 49 Consult your dictionaries for different meanings of the phrasal verb and write them out.

1. We are looking forward to seeing you again. 2. The police looked through his papers for the letter. 3. You should look up the new word in your dictionary. 4. He looked at me attentively. 5. The old woman needs a nurse to look after her. 6. Are you still looking for a job? 7. The first house of glass and plastics was looked upon as an experimental construction. 8. Look out! It may be dangerous.

Grammar review

Exercise 50 Put the verbs in brackets into one of the Present Tenses.

I (work) as a botanist since my graduation. I (teach) students at the university but I also (spend) a lot of time travelling. I (have) some professional success – I just (discover) an unknown orchid in Indonesia. At present I (study) a rare Asian plant which Chinese medicine (use) to cure rheumatism. I (collect) leaves and flowers to examine their properties. I (examine) more than ten plants so far. I (believe) my job is very interesting and useful.

Exercise 51 Complete the story with the verbs in brackets in one of the Past Tenses.

Amazing but true!

One day, a fisherman on the Aral Sea (sail) home after a day’s work. It (rain) and he (not feel) very happy. He (not have) a very good day and (not catch) very many fish. Suddenly, he (hear) a strange noise. A cow (fly) towards his boat! The cow (hit) the boat and nearly (destroy) it. When the fisherman (get back) home, people (not believe) his story. Then, some time later, the USA Air Force (show) that the fisherman (tell) the truth. While one of their transport planes (fly) over the Aral Sea, a cow on the plane (go) mad and the pilot (throw) it out into the sea!

Exercise 52 Make up sentences according to the model.

Model: a picture (paint) – I saw a picture painted by a modern artist.

Music (compose), a sketch (draw), an orchestra (conduct), an article (write), a play (stage), a photograph (take), a key (lose), a present (give), a ticket (buy), specialists (train).