3. Переведите следующие сочетания слов.

а) широкий круг проблем

б) денные месторождения полезных ископаемых

в) горный инженер-механик

г) вести научно-исследовательскую работу

д) принимать форму

e) техническое и программное обеспечение

ж) студенты (последнего курса)

з) дипломная работа

и) физические и химические свойства

к) месторождение полезных ископаемых

1. оканчивать институт

2. поступать в университет

3. получать образование

4. готовить геологов и горних инженеров

5. высшие горные учебные заведения

6. приобретать опыт

7. студенческие научные общества

8. заниматься различными видами спорта

mining engineers higher mining schools

ore mining mining technology

full-time students hydraulic engineering

part-time students electrical engineering

postgraduate students industrial electronics

theoretical science information technology

applied science environmental protection

mineral deposits human resources

structural geology computer science

practical skills hardware/software technology

practical training diploma paper

TEXT 3

In pre-revolutionary Russia there were several higher mining schools which trained geologists and mining engineers. The oldest Russian school of mining was in St.Petersburg, where some well-known scientists taught: A.P. Karpinsky, B.I. Boky and others. Among the famous scientists who lectured at the Yekaterinoslav (now Dnepropetrovsk) Mining Institute was Professor I.K. Sobo-levsky, whose subject was mine surveying and geodesy.

The Technological Institute in Tomsk was opened in 1900. It was the oldest industrial and cultural centre of Siberia. The Tomsk Technological Institute had three departments: engineering, chemical and mining. The Don Polytechnic Institute founded in Novocherkassk in 1907 also had a mining department. In 1916 a new Mining Institute in Yekaterinburg came into existence.

The total number of students did not exceed two thousand with only 60 to 70 mining engineers who graduated from mining institutes each year. That was far below the number needed. It was quite obvious that the small number of these institutions could not cope with the problem of training specialists in the field of mining and geology. Little wonder that there was a shortage of mining engineers and geologists in the mining regions of pre-revolutionary Russia.

After the Revolution the Moscow Mining Academy was the first higher mining educational establishment. In the early thirties the Academy established close contacts with the coal, oil and ore mining industries. The Academy's scientists carried out research in the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, in the Donbas and in other industrial areas.

The need for geologists and mining engineers increased so much that the Academy could not cope with the problem of training a large number of specialists for the country. Among the new colleges which grew out of the Academy were the Moscow Mining Institute, the Oil Institute, the Institute of Geological Prospecting and others.

In 1950 a new mining institute appeared in Kemerovo, the centre of the coal and chemical industries in West Siberia. The In-x stitute trained mining engineers for the coal and ore mining industries of the Kuzbas. Later the Kemerovo Mining Institute was transformed into the Polytechnic Institute which is now one of the largest and most important engineering colleges in West Siberia.

TEXT 4

Mining Education in Great Britain

accurate - а точный, правильный; accuracy - n точность

archive - n архив

attend - v посещать (лекции, практические занятия, собрания)

comprehensive - a всесторонний, исчерпывающий

concern - v касаться, относиться; иметь отношение к чему-л.; n дело, отношение; важность; concerning prep относительно, касательно

consider - v рассматривать; считать; considerable - значительный, важный; consideration - п рассмотрение; обсуждение

draw (drew, drawn) - v зд, чертить, рисовать; draw the conclusion делать вывод; syn come to the conclusion

employ - v применять, использовать; предоставлять (paботу); syn use, utilize, apply; employment - n служба; занятие; применение, использование

familiarize - v знакомить; осваивать

fundamental - n pl основы (наук)

levelling - n нивелирование, сглаживание (различий); выравнивание

number - п число, количество, большое количество; (порядковый) номер, ряд

observe - v наблюдать, следить (за чём-л.), соблюдать (правило, обычаи)

obtain - v получать; достигать; добывать; syn get, receive

present - v преподносить, дарить; подавать, представлять; presentation - n изложение; предъявление

proximity - n близость, соседство; in proximity to поблизости, вблизи от (чего-л.)

require - v требовать; syn call for; demand; meet the requirements удовлетворять требованиям

traversing - n горизонтальная съемка

to keep in close touch with - поддерживать связь с

to touch upon (on) затрагивать, касаться вкратце (вопроса)

In Great Britain the students get mining education at special colleges and at mining departments of universities.

For example, the Mining Department at the University of Nottingham ranks as one of the foremost teaching and research mining schools in Great Britain. The students come to the University from all parts of the country and from abroad. The close proximity of Nottingham to mines extracting coal and different metals makes it possible for the University to keep in close touch with new achievements in mining.

The aim of training at the University is to give the student an understanding of applied science based on lectures, tutorial system, laboratory work and design classes. The laboratory work trains the student in accurate recording of observations, drawing of logical conclusions and presentation of scientific reports. Besides, it gives the student an understanding of experimental methods and familiarizes him (or her) with the characteristics of engineering materials, equipment and machines.

At Nottingham there are two types of laboratories, general and Specialized. General laboratories deal with the fundamentals of engineering science and specialized ones1 study the more specialized problems in different branches of engineering.

During the final two years of his course the student gets a comprehensive training in surveying. Practical work both in the field and in drawing classes forms an important part of this course. Besides, the students have practical work in survey camps during two weeks. The equipment available for carrying out traversing, levelling, tacheometric and astronomical surveying is of the latest design.

The practical and laboratory work throughout the three or four years of study forms a very important part of the course, so the students obtain the required standard in their laboratory course work before they graduate.

British educational system is fee-paying. The annual fee includes registration, tuition, examination, graduation and, in the case of full-time students, membership of the Union of Students.

Students from all over the world (nearly 100 countries) study at the University of Nottingham. For many years the University has had a thriving community of international students.

The University pays much attention to learning foreign languages. For individual study there is a 16-place self-access tape library with a tape archive of 3,000 tapes in 30 languages. There are also 16 video work stations where the students play back video tapes or watch TV broadcasts in a variety of languages.