- •How would you express the quotation in your own words?
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. Discuss your ideas as following:
- •What is law?
- •Word Study: Key Terms
- •4. Comprehension check
- •5. Use all the information you have learnt in this Unit so far to describe the topic “What is Law?”.
- •6. Work in pairs. Take turns to describe some of the facts, give your reasons of the topic of discussion. Why do we need laws?
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •7. Note the meaning of the word “law”. Translate the expressions:
- •8. Match the expressions. Make up 5-6 sentences using them.
- •9. Complete the sentences using the text.
- •11. Study the patterns, give the Ukrainian equivalents for them and translate the sentences into English.
- •13. Choose the best word (law, rule, regulation) to fill in the blanks:
- •14. Classify the following situations into three types (see the table below). In groups think of some more situations for each column.
- •15. Write down as many words as possible correlated to the topic, then compare your list with that of your partner, see how you managed it, pay attention to those words you failed to recollect.
- •16. Play a “Student-Teacher” game. A teacher dictates some expressions in English, a Student translates them. The Teacher commentates and assesses.
- •17. Translate the sentences into English. Use the key vocabulary and the expressions from the Unit.
- •Section d Listening
- •17. You are going to hear the text about unjust laws.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •18. The text given below deals with the legal system in different countries. Skim the text and make the logical plan of the text.
- •Legal Systems in different countries
- •Scanning reading
- •19. Scan the text “The Law System” and find out information concerning:
- •International Private Law
- •The Law System
- •Section f Test (Time Limit – 45 minutes)
- •Match the words in the box with their definitions.
- •Which verb do the following sentences define?
- •1. How would you express the quotation in your own words?
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •Discuss your ideas as following:
- •3. Learn the following words and expressions:
- •Legal professions in Ukraine, the usa and gb
- •3. Word Study: Key Terms
- •4. Comprehension check
- •Section c Language study
- •13. Below is a list of tasks carried out by solicitors and barristers. Classify them into the appropriate column.
- •14. Match the terms from column a with their explanations from column b .
- •15. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •Listening
- •A jury system must be introduced in Ukraine Choose arguments for or against
- •Scanning reading
- •19. Scan the text “The Bar in Ukraine” and find out information concerning:
- •The Bar in Ukraine
- •Section f Test (Time Limit – 45 minutes)
- •True/False
- •Unjust laws
- •To be legally qualified for jury service, an individual must:
- •There are three groups that are exempt from federal jury service:
- •Excuses from Jury Service
9. Complete the sentences using the text.
1) Descriptive laws usually describe __________ .
2) Prescriptive laws prescribe __________ .
3) The law of a state may be __________ as “the rule of human __________ , imposed _______ and _________ among the ________ of a given state”.
4) Laws have several __________: first, they symbolize __________; second, they must be _________ through writing; third, there must exist methods of _________ that enable society to ________ or ________ its members.
5) Such enforcement is usually ___________ by the State.
6) If the laws are broken, __________ is used.
7) Two ideas _________ the concept of law: _______ and _________ .
10. Work in groups. Write definitions of your own of the following words. Compare your definitions with those given in a dictionary and decide if you were right or not. Whose definition was most precise?
• society
• obedience
• order
• anarchy
11. Study the patterns, give the Ukrainian equivalents for them and translate the sentences into English.
1. describe (v) – description (n) – descriptive (a)
a. Words cannot describe the beauty of the place.
b. His poetry skillfully incorporates descriptive details.
c. He’s not very good at description.
d. Ви зможете описати цього чоловіка?
e. Будь ласка, опишіть, що ви бачили.
f. В його звіті є опис цього злочину.
2. behave (v) – behaviour (Br)/ behavior (Am) (n) – behavioral; well(bad)-
behaved (a)
a) The next time I saw him, Frank behaved as if nothing had happened.
b) I’ve read the article about death penalty in “Behavioral Sciences and Law”.
c) Can I bring my dog? She’s very well-behaved.
d) This kind of behaviour is not acceptable.
e) Який ти вихований!
f) Поведінка Івана дуже мене здивувала.
g) Як він поводив себе на судовому засіданні?
3. define (v) – definition (n) – definite (=clear)/ definitive (=final) (a)
a. The powers of a judge are defined by law.
b. The police have no definitive proof of her guilt.
c. I want a definite answer: “yes” or “no”.
d. To give a definition of a word is more difficult than to give an example of its uses.
e. Давайте зустрінемось у визначеному місці та у визначений час.
f. Дайте визначення терміну “закон”.
g. Я хочу, щоб ви чітко визначили мої обов’язки.
4. compel (v) – compulsion (n) – compulsory (a)
a) His conscience compelled him to confess.
b) A compulsive habit is something that you do a lot because you want to so much that you cannot control yourself.
c) A defeated country usually signs a treaty of peace under compulsion.
d) It is compulsory for all drivers to have insurance.
e) Держава використовує методи примусу для дотримання закону.
f) Освіта обов’язкова за законами України.
g) Всіх юнаків примусили звернутись до лікарів.
5. obey (v) – obedience (n) – obedient (a)
a. Soldiers must always obey their commanding officer. (Don’t say “obey to the officer”, say “obey the officer”)
b. The General demanded absolute obedience from his men.
c. Bruno was a quiet and obedient little boy.
d. Я б хотів, щоб ви дотримувались правил.
e. Ти можеш навчити свою собаку виконувати прості команди?
f. Вона вимагає абсолютно підкорятись правилам.
6.punish (v) – punishment (n) – punishable/ punitive (a)
a) This man was never punished for his crime.
b) Drug dealing is punishable by death in some countries.
c) Some people are demanding the return of capital punishment for murder.
d) A punitive expedition is a military expedition with the purpose of punishing rebels.
e) Йому вдалося уникнути покарання.
f) Як би ви покарали когось за грабіж?
12. What is your personal understanding of the following words: RULE, REGULATION, LAW. Is there any difference in the meaning? Read and note the following information. Consult a dictionary and write out the expressions or sentences with these words.
RULE – an instruction that says what people are allowed to do or not allowed to do (in a game, in a school or organization); a usual or customary course of behaviour. Rule is not so official as regulation. They may be written down, may be not. It may be in informal agreement about doing something.
E.g. It says in the rules that every child has to wear school uniform.
REGULATION – an official rule made by a government (or organization), which is a part of a set of rules. Regulations are usually adopted by officials or authorities and written down. They are to control conduct of people or quality of things. For example, army regulations say what soldiers must or must not do. Planning regulations control process of house building.
E.g.: The new regulations are very strict about what you can and cannot bring into the country.
LAW – an official rule that all the citizens of a country must obey; also a code of behaviour or ethics. Laws are written down and enforced among all members of a state. They also define criminal and non-criminal cases.
E.g.:It is against the law for children to work before they are fifteen.