2. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian, mind the sentences of the predicate:

1. For nearly a century the scientists working with food have been trying to understand more fully the role of microorganisms in fermentation. 2. The rising cost of petroleum has made the product less competitive. 3. The introduction of microbiology into the pharmaceutical industry has brought about a transformation profound enough to be called a revolution. 4. They have been working at the problem involved since 2000, but still much is to be done. 5. Recently it has become widely accepted to use this technique in determining the weight of some substances. 6. This view of conservation laws has been radically changed by the development of the modern theories of elementary-particle interaction. 7. He had been carrying out the experiment for 2 hours when I came to the laboratory. 8. A great number of foreign scientists have visited our laboratory as it is considered to be the best one in our Research Institute. 9. Our chemists have solved a great number of urgent problems in the field of environmental protection lately. 10. I was asked how long I had been working at the plant. 11. The new apparatus had already been installed in our shop by the end of November. 12. The work hasn’t been finished yet, we have to continue experimenting.

3. Translate the following sentences into English, mind the use of the tenses:

1. З вересня він відвідує лекції з хімії. 2. З вересня він відвідав декілька лекцій. 3. В минулому році він відвідав декілька лекцій із загальної хімії. 4. До грудня він зробив цілу низку експериментів. 5. Коли я став до роботи, він вже закінчив дослідження. 6. Вже три роки він вивчає фізичну хімію. 7. Нещодавно студенти відвідали сучасну лабораторію. 8. У минулому році ми відвідали декілька сучасних заводів. 9. Коли я зайшов до лабораторії, він вже годину проводив дослідження. 10. Вчора я закінчив доповідь про розвиток хімії полімерів в Україні.

4. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian

1. Thousands of years ago stars were believed to govern the fate of men. 2. Scientists are known to agree that our universe is fundamentally dependent on two factors, one of which proves to be matter, the other energy. 3. The scientist found the atom to have, first of all a nucleus; the nucleus was found to be composed of the protons and neutrons. 4. Of all the available building materials, rock and stone are known to be traditionally associated with permanence. 5. The organic materials with the notable exception of wood appeared to be largely a development of the 20th century. 6. We know metals to be extracted from natural ores, which of course are also ceramic materials. 7. The metals turn out not to be as hard as the ceramic materials, but ceramic materials have been stated to be very brittle. 8. We have got little information about this type of discovery. 9. With few exceptions, construction materials are solid materials or harden into solid materials. 10. A little water should be added to make this substance melt.