
- •Contents:
- •The noun Классификация существительных
- •Притяжательный падеж имён существительных (The Possessive case (s'/'s).
- •The article
- •Test on articles usage
- •The adjective
- •Interesting more/less interesting the most/least
- •Interesting
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •The numeral
- •Дробные числительные
- •0.35 (.35) – Nought point three five/o point three five/ point three five
- •Для обозначения номеров домов, квартир, комнат, автобусов, рейсов самолётов, глав и страниц книг и т.Д. Обычно употребляются количественные числительные:
- •Грамматические свойства числительных
- •The adverb
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •The pronoun
- •1.Personal Pronouns
- •2.Possessive Pronouns
- •I saw him somewhere.
- •Is there anything I can do for you?
- •I cannot see him anywhere.
- •I have a few friends in Holland.
- •I've got only few pencils in the box.
- •Test on pronouns usage
- •The verb
- •I study at the Belarusian Jurisprudence Institute. Личные и неличные формы глагола
- •Основные формы глагола и времена
- •Правильные и неправильные глаголы
- •Классификация глаголов
- •Наклонение
- •If I were you, I should confess the fault freely.
- •It takes me only a few minutes to cook this dish.
- •Времена глаголов
- •The imperative mood
- •Present tenses
- •I take he takes
- •The present continuous (present progressive) tense
- •The present perfect tense
- •I have just come and I haven't had my dinner yet.
- •I haven't seen him today.
- •I haven't seen you for ages.
- •For/ since/ ago
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I've been working in the garden all day long.
- •I've known Jack for five years.
- •Past tenses the past indefinite (past simple) tense
- •I bought this book in Minsk.
- •I told him I didn't like fishing.
- •The past continuous (past progressive) tense
- •It was snowing all day yesterday.
- •The past perfect tense
- •The Past Indefinite (Past Simple) / Past Continuous (Past Progressive) / Past Perfect Continuous / Past Prefect Tense. Test
- •Future tenses
- •I'm going to present them to my little brother.
- •The Future Continuous (Future Progressive) Tense
- •I’ll be expecting you at 4 o’clock sharp.
- •It’s no use trying to see your teacher at 10. He will be giving a lesson at that time.
- •I’ll be seeing him this afternoon.
- •Future in the past
- •Sequence of tenses
- •I thought you were born in 1970.
- •Test sequence of tenses
- •The reported (indirect) speech
- •Reported speech test 1
- •Modal verbs
- •I shall be able to come earlier today.
- •It became dark in the room, and he had to switch on the light because he wanted to write the reply letter immedietly.
- •I don't have to get early today; it's my day off.
- •I was to see the doctor at 2 o'clock.
- •It may rain today.
- •I will gladly help you.
- •Test on modal verbs usage
- •The passive voice
- •The passive voice test 1
- •C) will have been X-rayed
- •The Tower of London
- •The subjunctive mood
- •I shouldn't write a letter to him, if I didn't know his address.
- •I souldn't have written a letter to him, if I hadn't known his address.
- •Conditional sentences
- •1.Если он придет завтра, я помогу ему.
- •2. Если бы он пришел завтра, я бы помог ему.
- •3. Если бы он пришел вчера, я бы помог ему.
- •Test on conditional sentences
- •B. Would be e. Would help
- •B. Wouldn’t have worked e. Hadn’t become
- •C. Had worked f. Won’t be sweeping
- •Inversion
- •The infinitive
- •I must go and see him.
- •I'm glad to have seen you.
- •It must have been a pleasant dream.
- •I was going to ask you to come with us.
- •I'm sorry to disturb you.
- •I want you to help me.
- •I ask you not to be late this time.
- •I saw him cross the street.
- •It's difficult for first-year students to read such texts.
- •It's necessary for me to know her new address. (сложное подлежащее)
- •The gerund
- •I don't remember seeing (having seen) him before.
- •In the morning light, she was ashamed of herself for having been elated the night before.
- •1. Дополнение после глаголов и словосочетаний:
- •The participle
- •I'm very much obliged to you.
- •Is the door locked?
- •Types of questions
- •Test 2 special questions
- •There is / there are
- •Is there anything in the room?
- •If we have spare time we shall visit the British Museum.
- •Союзные слова
- •The preposition
- •Предлоги места
- •Предлоги направления
- •At обозначает точку во времени:
- •In the evening – вечером (с 6 до 10 часов)
- •We have lessons from 8 a.M. Till 2 p.M.
- •Test on prepositions usage.
- •Conjunctions and prerositions
- •Word order
- •In summer Peter wrote them letters very often.
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •Phrasal verbs reference The grammar of phrasal verbs
Conjunctions and prerositions
Exercise 16.Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Only one variant is correct!
1.We went out ..... it was raining.
a) even b) although
c) in spite d) so
2. ..... all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.
a) In spite of b) Although
c) Because d) Though
3.You won't pass the exam ..... you work much harder.
a) until b) unless
c) in spite of d) because
4.I believe Fred will be back ..... Monday.
a) by b) at
c) unless d) since
5.Let's stay at home ..... it stops raining.
a) until b) by
c) though d) before
6.I don't want to go out ..... she phones.
a) in case b) during
c) since d) because
7.I did ..... he told me.
a) as b) like
c) how d) so
8.Your English is very good. I wish I could speak ..... you.
a) as b) like
c) as if d) such as
9.It's raining again! I hate the weather ..... this.
a) as b) like
c) how d) so
10.I'll phone you tomorrow ..... usual, OK?
a) so b) as
c) like d) how
Word order
При построении предложения на английском языке необходимо строго соблюдать порядок слов, т.е. порядок следования членов предложения по отношению друг к другу.
Нужно помнить, что в утвердительном предложении:
подлежащее всегда стоит перед сказуемым;
сказуемое стоит после подлежащего и перед дополнением;
дополнение следует за сказуемым. Если есть два дополнения, прямое (direct object) и косвенное (indirect object),то косвенное дополнение стоит перед прямым;
определение без предлога всегда стоит перед определяемым словом;
обстоятельство обычно стоит в начале или конце предложения.
Основная схема английского предложения:
Обстоятельство +
Подлежащее +
Сказуемое +
Дополнение +
Обстоятельство
Определение не меняет общую схему предложения.
In summer Peter wrote them letters very often.
Last summer my friend wrote his parents long letters very often.
Если подлежащее стоит перед сказуемым, порядок слов называется прямым. Если сказуемое или его часть стоят перед подлежащим, порядок слов называется обратным, или "инверсией". Инверсия употребляется в основном при построении вопросительного предложения. Инверсия иногда может употребляться и для того, чтобы сделать предложение более выразительным, эмоциональным. В этом случае предложения обычно начинаются со слов never, little, not once, here, there, then, now, so:
Never before have I seen such mountains!
So great was her happiness that she could not say a word.
Little did he know her!
"Here comes the coffee," she said.
В предложениях наречия выступают в роли обстоятельств (места, времени, образа действия).
I was there yesterday. Я был там вчера.
Наречия в предложении определяют глаголы и, в зависимости от выполняемой в предложении функции, следуют либо непосредственно за глаголом, либо в конце предложения. Наречия могут определять прилагательные или другие наречия; в этом случае их место перед словом, к которому они относятся. Прилагательные же определяют только существительные.
Наречия |
Прилагательные: |
She didn't stay long. |
She was wearing a long dress. |
He worked much at his English. |
There was much snow last winter. |
The postman brings letters and telegrams to our office daily. |
This is a daily newspaper |
Наречия неопределенного времени, такие как always, usually, already, neither и др., как правило, ставятся в предложении перед смысловым глаголом, но после глаголов to be, to have: