- •Contents:
- •The noun Классификация существительных
- •Притяжательный падеж имён существительных (The Possessive case (s'/'s).
- •The article
- •Test on articles usage
- •The adjective
- •Interesting more/less interesting the most/least
- •Interesting
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •The numeral
- •Дробные числительные
- •0.35 (.35) – Nought point three five/o point three five/ point three five
- •Для обозначения номеров домов, квартир, комнат, автобусов, рейсов самолётов, глав и страниц книг и т.Д. Обычно употребляются количественные числительные:
- •Грамматические свойства числительных
- •The adverb
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •The pronoun
- •1.Personal Pronouns
- •2.Possessive Pronouns
- •I saw him somewhere.
- •Is there anything I can do for you?
- •I cannot see him anywhere.
- •I have a few friends in Holland.
- •I've got only few pencils in the box.
- •Test on pronouns usage
- •The verb
- •I study at the Belarusian Jurisprudence Institute. Личные и неличные формы глагола
- •Основные формы глагола и времена
- •Правильные и неправильные глаголы
- •Классификация глаголов
- •Наклонение
- •If I were you, I should confess the fault freely.
- •It takes me only a few minutes to cook this dish.
- •Времена глаголов
- •The imperative mood
- •Present tenses
- •I take he takes
- •The present continuous (present progressive) tense
- •The present perfect tense
- •I have just come and I haven't had my dinner yet.
- •I haven't seen him today.
- •I haven't seen you for ages.
- •For/ since/ ago
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I've been working in the garden all day long.
- •I've known Jack for five years.
- •Past tenses the past indefinite (past simple) tense
- •I bought this book in Minsk.
- •I told him I didn't like fishing.
- •The past continuous (past progressive) tense
- •It was snowing all day yesterday.
- •The past perfect tense
- •The Past Indefinite (Past Simple) / Past Continuous (Past Progressive) / Past Perfect Continuous / Past Prefect Tense. Test
- •Future tenses
- •I'm going to present them to my little brother.
- •The Future Continuous (Future Progressive) Tense
- •I’ll be expecting you at 4 o’clock sharp.
- •It’s no use trying to see your teacher at 10. He will be giving a lesson at that time.
- •I’ll be seeing him this afternoon.
- •Future in the past
- •Sequence of tenses
- •I thought you were born in 1970.
- •Test sequence of tenses
- •The reported (indirect) speech
- •Reported speech test 1
- •Modal verbs
- •I shall be able to come earlier today.
- •It became dark in the room, and he had to switch on the light because he wanted to write the reply letter immedietly.
- •I don't have to get early today; it's my day off.
- •I was to see the doctor at 2 o'clock.
- •It may rain today.
- •I will gladly help you.
- •Test on modal verbs usage
- •The passive voice
- •The passive voice test 1
- •C) will have been X-rayed
- •The Tower of London
- •The subjunctive mood
- •I shouldn't write a letter to him, if I didn't know his address.
- •I souldn't have written a letter to him, if I hadn't known his address.
- •Conditional sentences
- •1.Если он придет завтра, я помогу ему.
- •2. Если бы он пришел завтра, я бы помог ему.
- •3. Если бы он пришел вчера, я бы помог ему.
- •Test on conditional sentences
- •B. Would be e. Would help
- •B. Wouldn’t have worked e. Hadn’t become
- •C. Had worked f. Won’t be sweeping
- •Inversion
- •The infinitive
- •I must go and see him.
- •I'm glad to have seen you.
- •It must have been a pleasant dream.
- •I was going to ask you to come with us.
- •I'm sorry to disturb you.
- •I want you to help me.
- •I ask you not to be late this time.
- •I saw him cross the street.
- •It's difficult for first-year students to read such texts.
- •It's necessary for me to know her new address. (сложное подлежащее)
- •The gerund
- •I don't remember seeing (having seen) him before.
- •In the morning light, she was ashamed of herself for having been elated the night before.
- •1. Дополнение после глаголов и словосочетаний:
- •The participle
- •I'm very much obliged to you.
- •Is the door locked?
- •Types of questions
- •Test 2 special questions
- •There is / there are
- •Is there anything in the room?
- •If we have spare time we shall visit the British Museum.
- •Союзные слова
- •The preposition
- •Предлоги места
- •Предлоги направления
- •At обозначает точку во времени:
- •In the evening – вечером (с 6 до 10 часов)
- •We have lessons from 8 a.M. Till 2 p.M.
- •Test on prepositions usage.
- •Conjunctions and prerositions
- •Word order
- •In summer Peter wrote them letters very often.
- •I usually get up at seven o'clock.
- •I have never seen him.
- •It was an expensive large round antique dark spotted Italian wooden tray.
- •Phrasal verbs reference The grammar of phrasal verbs
The past continuous (past progressive) tense
Past Continuous (Past Progressive) выражает действие, протекавшее в течение какого-то момента или периода прошедшего времени. Время действия обычно указывается обстоятельственными словами или придаточными предложениями:
It was snowing all day yesterday.
What were you doing when I called you yesterday?
The light went put while we were having supper.
Past Continuous (Past Progresiive) - сложное время, образующееся при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в Past Indefinite (Past Simple) и Present Participle (причастия настоящего времени) основного глагола:
was/were + Ving
Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Continuous (Past Progressive) Tense.
1.When I arrived, Tom (lie) on the sofa and (speak) over the phone.
2.The police caught Dan when he (rob) a shop.
3.He couldn't speak because he (die) of laugh.
4.-What you (do) between one and two? I phoned you several times.
-I (play) the piano and heard nothing.
5.When I got up that morning, the sun (shine) brightly and the birds (sing).
6.When you rang me yesterday, I (have) a bath.
7.Somebody stole the money from the Dad's pocket while he (sleep).
8.I (sit) by the window when I heard the noise.
9.It (rain) cats and dogs as I (walk) towards their house.
10.Just as Tom (cross) the street, a car came round the corner.
11.I glanced at Mary who (still/shiver) from cold.
12.At six o'clock I (wait) for Jennie at the station.
13.On coming up to the house I saw a man who (try) to unlock the door by force.
14.The student (reply) to the question when the headmistress came in.
The Past Continuous(Past Progressive)/Past Indefinite(Past Simple) Tense.
Exercise 3. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Only one variant is correct!
1.I saw a light in your window as I (pass) by.
a) passed b) was passing
2.Yesterday as I was walking down Cherry Lane, I (meet) Thomas, an old friend of mine.
a) met b) was meeting
3.Liz's elder brother said that he (go) to enter Leeds University.
a) went b) was going
4.While my son (wait for my call, somebody knocked at the door.
a) waited b) was waiting
5.We (just/talk) about him when he suddenly (come) in.
a) just talked a) came in
b) were just talking b) was coming in
6.Yesterday while Dad (shave),he (cut) himself slightly.
a) shaved a) cut
b) was shaving b) was cutting
7.They (quarrel) while they (wash) their car.
a) quarrelled a) washed
b) were quarrelling b) were washing
The past perfect tense
Past Perfect употребляется преимущественно в сложных предложениях. Обычно глагол в главном предложении выражает какое-либо прошедшее действие и употребляется в форме Past Indefinite, а глагол в придаточном предложении выражает предпрошедшее действие, т.е. действие, происходившее ранее первого действия, и употребляется в форме Past Perfect.
He thanked me for what I had done for him.
Past Perfect является "предпрошедшим" временем. Оно выражает действие в прошлом, которое происходило и закончилось до другого прошедшего действия или до какого-либо момента или периода прошедшего времени.
When we came to the station the train had gone.
Past Prefect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в Past Indefinite (had) и третьей основной формы смыслового глагола.
had + Ved (3-я форма глагола)
Exercise 4. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Perfect Tense.
1.Jill was afraid she (forget) her at home, but she found it in her handbag.
2.Dad wasn't at home when I came back. He (go) out twenty minutes before.
3.I wasn't hungry because I (just/have) breakfast.
4.Peter saw an urgent message on his table. Somebody (leave) it the day before.
5.I apologised I (not/phone) her.
6.He told me that he (come back) a fortnight before.
7.I knew him at once though I (meet) him many years before.
8.We spent the night in Klin, a town we (often/hear of) but (never/see).
9.They couldn't believe he (give up) his job in the bank. He (make) a good living there.
10.Mr.Jackson said that he (already/buy)e everything for lunch.
11.Alice asked her brother where he (arrange) to meet his friends.
12.We had no car at that time because we (sell) our old one.
13.They (finish) painting the ceiling by two o'clock.
14.Hardly.....I (go) to bed when the telephone rang.
15.I kept silence for a while thinking of what he (tell) me.
16.Bob tried to find a job after he (serve) a five-year sentence.
17.-Why didn't you telephone? - I (forget) your number.
18.We were late, so by the time we got there, the meeting (start).
19.Two weeks (go) since I started my letter to you.
20.Jane wrote them a letter a week after she (return) from a business trip from South America.
21.The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody (go) to bed.
The Past Perfect/Past Indefinite (Past Simple) Tense.
Exercise 5. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Only one variant is correct!
1.I (wake up) early and got out of bed.
a) woke up b) had woken up
2.I got out of bed an hour later I (wake up).
a) woke up b) had woken up
3.We were late. The meeting (start) an hour before.
a) started b) had started
4.She was the most delighted person I (ever/meet).
a) ever met b) had ever met
5.That morning she (dress),(phone) somebody, and went out.
a) dressed a) phoned
b) had dressed b) had phoned
6.That morning she went out after she (phone) somebody.
a) phoned b) had phoned
7.He was tired because he (work) hard in the garden all day.
a) worked b) had worked
8.The sun (set),it (get) dark, and we went home.
a) set, got b) had set, got
9.The Hill were in a hurry, but they (take) a taxi and managed to arrive exactly on time.
a) took b) had taken
10.The Hills managed to arrive exactly on time because they (take) a taxi.
a) took b) had taken
11.He said he (break) a lamp post.
a) broke b) had broken
12.We asked Peter to come with us, but he refused. He (already/ promise) to play football with his friends.
a) already promised b) had already promised
13.I saw a nice kitten when I (open) the basket.
a) opened b) had opened
14.After I (write) all my letters, I went to the kitchen to make coffee.
a) wrote b) had written
15.She (hardly/finish) speaking over the phone when the telephone rang again.
a) hardly finish b) had hardly finished
The Past Perfect/Present Perfect Tense
Exercise 6. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1.Aunt Polly punished Tom Sawyer because he.....naughty.
a) has been b) had been
2.-Why are you looking so unhappy? -I.....me purse.
a) have lost b) had lost
3.Sam was upset because Judy..... .
a) hasn't come b) hadn't come
4.Mother asked the children if they.....some biscuits for tea.
a) has bought b) had bought
5.I.....some photos to be developed. Are they ready?
a) have left b) had left
6.Tell Tommy about these wonderful islands. He.....about them.
a) has never heard b) had never heard
7.I'm so happy to see you again. I.....you since I left Berks.
a) haven't seen b) hadn't seen
8.She said she.....him since she left Berks.
a) hasn't seen b) hadn't seen