Passive Voice (Пасивний стан)

The English verbs may be used in active and passive voices:

• when we use the active verb, we say what the subject does: John built the house in 1987.

• when we use the passive verb, we say what happens with the subject, what is done with it: The house was built by John.

Passive Voice is used:

• when the person who does the action is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context: Rolls Royce cars are made in England.

• When the action itself is more important that the person who carries it (is used in news reports): Two people were injured in the car accident.

We form the Passive in the following way:

to be + the past participle of the main verb (Ved for regular verbs or V3 for irregular verbs)

Present Indefinite Passive

Past Indefinite Passive

Future Indefinite Passive

+

I he, she, it we, you, they

am is are

Ved/V3

I, he, she, it we, you, they

was were

Ved/V3

I he, she, it we, you, they

will be

Ved/V3

e.g.

I am often asked to help. We are invited to the party.

Letters were delivered by postman yesterday.

The students will be informed tomorrow.

-

I he, she, it we, you, they

am not is not are not

Ved/V3

I, he, she, it we, you, they

wasn’t weren’t

Ved/V3

I he, she, it we, you, they

will not be /won’t

Ved/V3

e.g.

I am not often asked to help. You are not invited.

Letters were not delivered by postman yesterday.

The students won’t be informed tomorrow.

?

Am Is Are

I he, she, it we, you, they

Ved/ V3

Was Were

I, he, she, it we, you, they

Ved/V3

Will

I he, she, it we, you, they

be + Ved/V3

e.g.

Is he often asked to help? Are they invited to the party?

When were the letters delivered?

Will the students be informed tomorrow?

2.1. Put the verb into the correct Present, Past, Future Active or Passive.

e.g. It is a big factory. Five hundred people are employed (employ) there.

1. The room _________ (clean) yesterday. 2. Water ________ (cover) most of the Earth’s surface. 3. The park gates ________ (lock) at 7 p.m. every evening. 4. The students ______ (come) tomorrow. 5. The information _______ (release) next week. 6. The letter _______ (post) a week age and it ________ (arrive) yesterday. 7. The boat hit a rock and ______ (sink) quickly. Fortunately, everybody _______ (rescue). 8. When I was on holiday, my camera ______ (steal). 9. When I was on holiday, my camera ______ (disappear) from the hotel room. 10. Many cars ______ (produce) in China. 11. He ______ (invite) to her party. 12. They _______ (repair) their car tomorrow.

2. Translate into English using the correct Present, Past, Future Active or Passive.

1. Я розповів – Мені розповіли. 2. Я запитаю. – Мене запитають. 3. Я часто допомагаю іншим. – Мені часто допомагають. 4. Він забув. – Його забули. 5. Чорне море омиває береги Криму. 6. Україна розташована в Центральній Європі. 7. Більшість природних ресурсів приховано під землею. 8. Україна розділена на дві частини Дніпром: лівобережну і правобережну. 9. Україна була проголошена незалежною 1991 року. 10. Державна влада в Україні поділяється на законодавчу, виконавчу та судову гілки. 11. Більшість українців вважають, що зимові олімпійські ігри будуть проведені в українських Карпатах. 12. Вся правда про заснування Київської Русі не була встановлена в минулому, але в майбутньому її точно знайдуть.