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Павлова Н.Ю., Воробьёва И.А. пособие для 1 курс...doc
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Language focus

1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.

Население мира становится более урбанизированным; увеличивающееся количество людей; переезжать в город; в надежде на что-л.; обещать постоянную работу и более высокую зарплату; обеспечить семью средствами к существованию; рабочие места; качество жизни; исследование выявляет некоторые проблемы; выхлопные газы автомобиля; заражать (загрязнять) воздух; свалки переполнены мусором; уменьшающиеся ресурсы; увеличивающаяся конкуренция; достаточно еды; избавиться от чего-л.; сосредоточиться на чём-л.; преувеличенные проблемы; по правде говоря; избегать чего-л.; городские районы; сельские районы; зарабатывать на жизнь; здравоохранение; возможность трудоустройства; наслаждаться жизнью; развивать услуги в городе; ограничивать развитие; способствовать развитию; система общественного транспорта; улучшать жизнь; постоянный житель.

2. Identify the word by its meaning. Make your own sentences with these words.

  1. a large hole in the ground where waste from people’s homes or from industry is buried

  2. money that you earn to live on

  3. someone who lives in a particular place

  4. involving a large number of people or things, or happening over a large area

  5. living in a town or city after living in the countryside

  6. a fixed amount of money that you earn each month or year from your job

  7. relating to towns and cities, or happening there

  8. a substance, especially a gas, that goes into the air

  9. to become less or worse

  10. the activities of companies that are trying to be more successful than others

  11. to give all your attention to the thing you are doing

  12. to change waste materials such as newspapers and bottles so that they can be used again

  13. to describe something in a way that makes it seem better, worse, larger, more important etc. than it really is

  1. Give synonyms to the following words. Make up your own sentences.

Rivalry, autonomous (independent), rubbish, wide-spread, to avoid, to stimulate (to foster), to disclose.

4. Insert prepositions where necessary.

1. She has always provided … her children.

2. We’re moving, so we have to get rid … a lot of our furniture.

3. The Japanese recycle … more than half their waste paper.

4. Stop talking and concentrate … your work.

5. People are trying to escape … poverty in developing countries.

6. She refused to reveal … the contents of the letter.

7. We put garbage … this container and take it outside when it is full.

8. We should not exaggerate … the importance of this agreement.

9. Pesticides are poisoning … our rivers.

  1. Waste bins in the streets are overflowed … plastic cups.

  2. The two passengers escaped … serious injury.

5. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words in a proper form from the list below.

  1. The threat of attack has been greatly __________ .

  2. Luke wants ___________ his film career.

  3. He has a wife and two young children to ___________.

  4. She makes ____________ as a music teacher.

  5. Mum ___________ always us to discuss our problems.

  6. Don't throw all that paper in the ___________; it can be recycled.

  7. The survey ___________ that many consumers are aware of the risks involved.

  8. They were faced with fierce ____________ .

  9. They have threatened __________ the city’s drinking water.

  10. The programme aims to make the country ___________ in food production and to cut energy imports.

  11. _______________ is that nothing has changed since the election.

  12. We all need to do more to reduce carbon ___________.

  13. He seems to have ___________ suspicion.

  14. The government has promised wide-ranging _____________ for all.

  15. Don't put metal cans in the garbage; they can be ___________ .

The truth of the matter, exaggerated, emissions, to reveal, competition, to poison, provide for, to recycle, a living, escaped, medical care, to concentrate on, to encourage, self-sufficient, garbage.