The use of the conditionsl mood

In sentences and clauses of implied condition

1) after the combination but for and the conjunctive adverb otherwise

but for otherwise

I would do sth. He would do sth. I would have done sth. He would have done sth.

E.g. But for the flowers the room wouldn’t look so nice.

E.g. He showed us the way. Otherwise we would have been lost.

2) when the condition may be implied by the context

E.g. It is so stupid of you to trust her! I would never trust her.

Exercise 18. Complete the sentences with the reference to the present or future:

1. But for his low paid job …

2. But for the breaking news …

3. But for our late arrival …

4. But for his poor health …

5. But for your quick temper …

6. But for their relatives …

7. But for the short circuit …

8. But for the rain …

9. But for the high price …

10. But for the bruise …

11. But for her ignorance …

12. But for his accent …

Exercise 19. Complete the sentences with reference to the past:

1. But for the traffic …

2. But for the letter of recommendation …

3. But for her skills …

4. But for my lack of self-confidence …

5. But for their children …

6. But for your help…

7. But for the accident …

8. But for your supervision …

9. But for the bad food …

10. But for the mistakes in your paper …

11. But for his prejudice …

12. But for her complexion …

Exercise 20. Complete the sentences according to the model. In some cases only one variant is possible.

Model: He explained us everything …

a) He explained us everything, otherwise we would be at a loss.

b) He explained us everything, otherwise we wouldn’t have understood what had happened.

1. Thank you for your cooperation, otherwise… . 2. She gave me a good reference book on pot plants, otherwise… . 3. We have to find a substitute teacher, otherwise… . 4. The good thing was that I revised this rule, otherwise… . 5. I will have to tell her a lie, otherwise… . 6. They didn’t give their opinion, otherwise… . 7. It was a smart decision, otherwise… . 8. She had to do it, otherwise… . 9. I will go shopping, otherwise … . 10. We knew this is a great place, otherwise… . 11. I am still against it, otherwise… . 12. But it is too late, otherwise … .

The conditional mood in complex sentences

The Conditional Mood is used in the principal clause of sentences with adverbial clauses of unreal condition and concession.

I should (would) do sth. He would do sth. I should (would) have done sth. He would have done sth.

if even if

E.g. He would help you if he had time.

E.g. He would have helped you then even if he had had no opportunity.

Exercise 21. Open the brackets using your Active Grammar.

Model: If he wanted me to get his message, he … a note on my desk. (leave) – If he wanted me to get his message, he would leave a note on my desk.

1. If Katherine had spare money, she … to Greece. (go)

2. Anne … at once if he find a better place to live. (move)

3. If she had time, she … to help you. (be glad)

4. If they gave us their address, we … them a card. (send)

5. If he came to Moscow, we … him the historic sights. (show)

6. If you played the piano, you … her singing. (accompany)

7. Jake … if he learned to ride a horse. (be so excited)

8. If you made tea, I … it upstairs now. (bring)

9. She … us with pleasure if we went for walk now. (join)

10. If he arrived at the airport, he … us. (call)

Exercise 22. Open the brackets using your Active Grammar.

Model: If she had studied harder, she … every question at the exam. (answer) - If she had studied harder, she would have answered every question at the exam.

1. If I had known that she was in town, I … to contact her. (try)

2. If they had finally got married, I . (not/be surprised)

3. If you had experienced difficulties, you … your Professor for help. (ask)

4. If you had realized what might happen, … you … differently? (act)

5. It … better if you had explained everything to the committee. (be)

6. She … you if you had warned us beforehand.(meet)

7. If she had seen you earlier, she … to you. (speak)

8. We … the documents if we had had you permission to do it. (send)

9. Oh, if you had seen Anne trying to skate, you … . (laugh)

10. If you had told them the truth, nothing … . (happen)

Exercise 23. Complete the sentences according to the model.

Model: … even if he weren’t at the office. – We would contact him even if he weren’t at the office.

… even if the y had left without delay. – They wouldn’t have made it to the club on time even if they had left without delay.

1. … even if she felt lonely and miserable.

2. … even if he had a slight cough.

3. … even if she had been under their protection.

4. … even if we followed the traffic rules.

5. … even if she were less vulnerable.

6. … even if we gave up this idea.

7. … even if Kate asked him.

8. … even if they had had an opportunity to prevent him from it.

9. … even if he had noticed this mistake.

10. … even if the samples had been collected properly.

11. … even if she had taken better care of her garden.

12. … even if they had returned earlier.

Exercise 24. Make up cute, humourous or risky greeting card wishes.

Model. 1.Outside. I would have never thought that I would be missing you…

Inside. … even if I were half as smart as you are!

2. Outside. I would never leave you…

Inside. … even if you asked me to!

3. Outside. I wouldn’t look inside this card…

Inside. … even if I were nosey as you!

Exercise 25. Translate into English using your Active Grammar.

1. Если бы не севшие батарейки, я бы слушала свой любимый диск. 2. – Он так хотел поехать с нами. – Если бы не его плохое поведение, мы бы взяли его собой. 3. Если бы не твое упрямство, мы бы уже давно уехали отсюда! 4. – Как тебе понравилась вечеринка? – Даже если бы все гости пришли, мне все равно было бы очень скучно. 5. Даже если бы ты предупредил их заранее, они все равно не успели

бы подготовить документы к твоему приезду. 6. Если бы не чрезмерно высокая цена, я бы обязательно купил этот костюм. 7. Я бы не купил этот дом, даже если бы он стоил дешевле. 8. Если бы не ваша помощь, мы бы не провели семинар настолько успешно. 9. Если бы не назначенная на 9 утра встреча, я бы с удовольствием сходила с вами в театр. 10. Они опять поссорились? Если бы не ее вспыльчивый характер, они бы прекрасно ладили. 11. Даже если бы вы попытались избавиться от всех задолженностей, я не уверена, что вам удалось бы сдать зачет. 12. Если бы не та случайная встреча на вокзале, я бы уже был далеко отсюда. 13. Если бы не твоя решительность, мы бы никогда не обсудили этот вопрос до конца. 14. Я уверена, что он не отказался бы поехать с нами, даже если бы у него были другие планы.