Types of jobs, choosing a career. On teaching.

Exercise 52. Look up the words’ translation in the dictionary and learn the words.

abilities (talent)  accomplishments  career goals  experience(s) values  skills activity(ies) reference  application apprentice, trainee attitude  CV (curriculum vitae)/resume appointment  job interview post  position  fill a position  occupation (trade)	employ employer  employee  commuter be in charge of  be responsible for full-time employment  part-time employment  flextime qualify (for)  promote  hire fire sb/sack sb (BE) quit the job  resign retire
counsel advertisement  vacancy  qualification  agency  job hunting  make an appointment  cancel an appointment  apply to/for	salary wages bonus  fringe benefits  leave business trip  be on sick leave  work in shifts (day/night) work overtime staff personnel
director head  chief  executive director  supervisor  manager  human resources manager assistant  colleague  collaborator	experienced  qualified  skilled  talented trained

Exercise 53. Choose the qualities these people should have. Feel free to add more qualities. Use some, much/a lot of, a little/a bit of.

Jobs:	scientist	gardener
	designer	receptionist
	teacher	doctor
	journalist	policeman
	hairdresser	shop assistant
	photographer	secretary
	musician	head-hunter (recruiter)

Qualities :

confidence; energy; training; creativity; flexibility; humour; charm; patience; determination; reliability; experience; commitment; firmness; sociability; courage; consideration

Exercise 54. What are some of the most popular jobs in your city or country now? What are some of the qualifications in those particular fields and what is the average salary for each. Use the Internet to help you search this topic.

Exercise 55. Read this quotation. Define the qualities of the teacher which are implied.

If a doctor, lawyer or dentist had 40 people in his office at one time, all of whom had different needs, and some of whom didn’t want to be there and were causing trouble, and the doctor, lawyer or dentist, without assistance, had to treat them all with professional excellence for nine month, then he might have some conception of a classroom teacher’s job.

Donald D. Quinn

Exercise 56. Read the passage given below. Is it always easy for the teachers to understand their student’s parents? How would you behave in such a situation if you were a teacher?

It’s a funny thing about mothers and fathers. Even when their own child is the most disgusting little blister you could ever imagine, they still think that he or she is wonderful. 

Some parents go further. They become so blinded by adoration they manage to convince themselves their child has qualities of genius. 

Well, there is nothing very wrong with all this. It’s the way of the world. It is only when the parents begin telling us about the brilliance of their own revolting offspring, that we start shouting, “Bring us a basin! We’re going to be sick!”

School teachers suffer a good deal from having to listen to this sort of twaddle from proud parents, but they usually get their own back when the time comes to write the end-of-term reports. If I were a teacher I would cook up some real scorchers for the children of doting parents. “Your son Maximilian”, I would write, “is a total wash-out. I hope you have a family business you can push him into when he leaves school because he sure as heck won’t get a job anywhere else.” Or if I were feeling lyrical that day, I might write, “It is a curious truth that grasshoppers have their hearing-organs in the sides of the abdomen. Your daughter Vanessa, judging by what she’s learnt this term, has no hearing organs at all.”

I might even delve deeper into natural history and say, “The periodical cicada spends six years as a grub underground, and no more than six days as a free creature of sunlight and air. Your son Wilfred has spent six years as a grub in this school and we are still waiting for him to emerge from the chrysalis.” A particularly poisonous little girl might sting me into saying, “Fiona has the same glacial beauty as an iceberg, but unlike the iceberg she has absolutely nothing below the surface.” I think I might enjoy writing end-of-term reports for the stinkers in my class. But enough of that. We have to get on. 

(From “Matilda” by Roald Dahl)

Exercise 57. Read the list of ironical tips. Say what you might add to this list.

You might be a schoolteacher…

• if you have no time for a life from August to June.

• if you want to slap the next person who says, “Must be nice to work from 8 to 3 and have your summers free!”

• if out in public you feel the urge to talk to strange children and correct their behaviour.

• if you refer to adults as “boys and girls”

• if you encourage your spouse by telling her she is a “good helper”.

• if you’ve ever had your profession slammed by someone who would never dream of doing your job.

• if you meet a child’s parents you instantly have to answer a question, “Why is this kid like this?”

• if you know hundred good reasons for being late.

• if you don’t want children of your own because there isn’t a name you can hear that wouldn’t elevate your blood pressure.

Exercise 58. If you were a school teacher, how would you answer these questions?

1. If vegetarians eat vegetables, what do humanitarians eat?

2. If 7-11 is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, why are there locks on the doors?

3. If nothing ever sticks to TEFLON, how do they make TEFLON stick to the pan?

4. If price and worth mean the same thing, why priceless and worthless are opposites?

5. If you tied buttered toast to the back of a cat and dropped it from a height, what would happen?

6. If you’re in a vehicle going at the speed of light, what happens when you turn on the headlights?

7. If it’s zero degrees outside today and it’s supposed to be twice as cold tomorrow, how cold is it going to be?

8. If smoking is prohibited at gas stations, why do they sell cigarettes there?

9. If they are called apartments, why are they all stuck together?

10. If the black box used on planes is indestructible, why can’t they make the whole plane out of the same substance?

Exercise 59. Read the text below. Have you got a CV of your own? Make up your CV using additional information from the Supplement.

The Curriculum Vitae

A curriculum vitae is the personal and working history of an applicant. The CV is sent with the letter of application as an enclosure. In American English the CV is called a resume.

Some companies send application forms which contain more or less the same information as a curriculum vitae. In that case it is not necessary to send a separate CV.

A CV usually contains information about the following:

• personal data: name, address, date and place of birth, sex, nationality

• education: name of school, type of education, graduation

• work experience: name of company, position

• interests: anything that might help you get the job

• references: name and the position of people who recommend you (teacher, former employer, etc.)

You may also state references upon request.

Exercise 60. Read the tips and say what you might add to the list.

Tips to be successful in job pursuing:

1. Avoid long and emotional description of your past experiences in the cover letter, stay focused on job hunting.

2. At the interview don’t give monosyllable answers like “yes/no”.

3. Be impartial to your current or previous position, refrain from criticizing your employers and collaborators/colleagues.

4. Be dress-conscious.

Exercise 61. Translate into English using your Active Grammar and Topical Vocabulary.

1. Если бы не ты, я бы так и работала секретаршей в каком-нибудь офисе. 2. Я уже сказал подавшим заявление, что собеседование будет сегодня. Иначе они бы обратились в другое агентство. 3. Было бы крайне неразумно уволиться сейчас, до того, как конфликт уладится. 4. Если бы не отсутствие штатной единицы в нашей больнице, мы бы обязательно наняли еще одного хирурга. 5. Я послала свое резюме в несколько компьютерных фирм, иначе я бы не нашла работу так быстро. 6. Если бы не мои родители, я бы никогда не выбрала карьеру инженера. 7. Если бы не то, что было написано в описании работы в контракте, я бы никогда и не подумал соглашаться. 8. Он всегда был аккуратен с чеками на оплату. Иначе ему не на что было бы жить всю неделю. 9. Я бы не сказал, что работа здесь высоко оплачивается, но заработную плату платят регулярно. 10. Если бы не больничный, ты бы участвовала в нашем проекте. 11. Хорошо, что тебя перевели в Европу. Иначе ты бы не зарабатывал столько денег. 12. Он читал условия соглашения внимательно. Иначе он совершил бы ошибку. 13. В три года ты хотел стать пожарником, в семь – полицейским, в четырнадцать думал о военной карьере. – Мама, если бы не все это, я бы не стал таким хорошим адвокатом по несчастным случаям на работе.

Unit 2

Exercise 62. Study the difference between these synonyms.

to tremble to shake in a way that you cannot control, especially because you are nervous, excited, frightened

to shake to make small, quick movements you cannot control (when afraid or cold)

to shiver to tremble or shake with excitement or chill

to shudder to tremble with fear, horror or disgust, or with cold

to quiver to shake slightly, to make a slight movement

Exercise 63. Study the Notes on Style. Read the examples given below. Give examples of your own.

Part of Speech	Neutral Style	Colloquial Style	Bookish Style
Noun	guy	chap, fellow	lad
Adjective	good-looking	pretty	beautiful, handsome
Verb	to die, to pass away	to kick the bucket	to perish, to face the Maker

Exercise 64. Use the suitable word from the box.

shivering shuddered shaking quivered trembling

1. Her lips … slightly and she started to cry.

2. All the men roared with laughter, … in their chairs.

3. Don’t stand there … - come inside, and have a nice cup of tea to get yourself warm.

4. Lizzy … violently at the thought how cruel that man could be with her poor sister.

5. She was so nervous, everyone could notice that, her hands were … with fear as she was unwrapping the box.

Exercise 65. Answer the questions using your Active Vocabulary.

1. What can make people tremble?

2. When do people speak in a trembling voice?

3. What can make you shudder?

4. What makes a man shiver?

5. What do you say if you feel pain in your head/in your ear/in your knee?

6. What do you say if your stomach hurts you?

7. What do you say if your tooth has a cavity and troubles you?

8. How did you feel when you had a cold?

9. What do you say if your throat gives you pain?

10. Where do you buy medicine?

11. Can you buy medicine without a prescription?

12. Do you usually take a lot of medicines when you have a slight ailment?

13. Should you take any medicine when you have a toothache/a headache?

14. What do you call a subordinate clause beginning with “if”?

15. What measure of length is used in Great Britain?

16. What is usually printed at the bottom of the page?

17. When do people go bareheaded?

18. Is it healthy to walk barefoot?

19. Do you walk bareheaded in winter? Why?

20. Do you always take the vacant seat in public transport?

21. Is it polite to refuse a present?

22. When do you refuse your friend’s help?

23. What do you say when the sky is overcast and you may have some rain?

Exercise 66. Find 5 idioms with preposition like. Make up sentences using them.

Model: like a sitting duck

He was waiting there like a sitting duck – a perfect target for a mugger.

Exercise 67. Translate into English.

пустая бутылка, пустой взгляд, свободное место, пустой желудок,

свободное время, пустой человек, свободная комната, свободная должность

Exercise 68. Translate into English using your Active Vocabulary.

1. Кажется, скоро пойдет дождь, а ты опять забыл дома зонт. 2. – У вас есть свободные номера? – Нет, наша гостиница полна. – Вы уверены? – У нас есть один номер, но там нет мебели, кроме кровати. 3. Сначала Ник никак не мог поверить, что Джейн ответила на его предложение о женитьбе отказом. 4. Неделю назад он вышел на улицу с непокрытой головой и простудился. Вчера к нему приходил врач и выписал лекарство от простуды. 5. – Посоветуй мне какое-нибудь лекарство от простуды. – Честно сказать, мои знания о медицине оставляют желать лучшего. 6. Поверьте мне, он принимал это лекарство только в медицинских целях. 7. Когда он окончит медицинский институт, ему придется работать 5 лет в этой больнице. 8. В агентстве по недвижимости ему предложили практически пустую квартиру, и он отказался, так как привык жить в хороших условиях. 9. В тот момент комната была пуста, и каждый из гостей, которые сидели в гостиной, мог зайти в нее и взять то, что ему было нужно. 10. В верхней части страницы был маленький рисунок, сделанный автором. 11. Я лучше пойду пешком, в такой прекрасный вечер нет ничего лучше прогулки перед сном. 12. Ты не похож на простого рабочего в этой

одежде. 13. Я выпишу вам рецепт, но никакие лекарства не помогут вам, если вы не бросите курить. 14. Сноска внизу страницы гласила, что в качестве начинки можно использовать клубничное варенье. 15. Это так на него похоже, он не отказывает своим детям ни в чем. 16. Ребенок дрожал от страха, он отказывался входить в темную комнату. 17. Он больше не может работать в таких условиях. 18. – Что случилось? – У меня очень болит горло. Когда я что-нибудь глотаю, это причиняет мне боль. 19. При таких обстоятельствах вам могут не выдать визу.

Exercise 69. Translate into English using your Active Vocabulary.

1. О чем может идти речь? Ему нельзя садиться за руль в таком состоянии. 2. Мальчик стоял у доски и молчал, переминаясь с ноги на ногу. 3. Пейзаж был довольно унылым, кругом были огромные сугробы снега, из которых торчали голые черные деревья. 4. Я бы предпочел, чтобы вы выписали мне другие витамины, я не могу позволить себе столько потратить. 5. При условии, что вы будете соблюдать постельный режим и вам регулярно будут делать уколы, боль в спине пройдет. 6. Наша гостиница расположена у подножия горы. 7. Сколько ты купила лекарств! И таблетки от головной боли, и средство от расстройства желудка, и капли для носа и пластыри. – Необходимо, чтобы дома были различные лекарства. 8. К сожалению, мне придется отказаться от вашего предложения о деловой поездке. 9. Мне кажется, у меня температура… Нос заложен (to be clogged), голова болит, мне холодно. – Да ты вся дрожишь! Я сделаю тебе чай с лимоном, дам таблетку от простуды, а ты ложись в постель. 10. Сегодня был его первый день в офисе, он чувствовал себя как слон в посудной лавке (like a bull in a china shop).