- •I Saw her standing there
- •Moods in modern english
- •The formation of the subjunctive mood
- •The Simple Indicative and Subjunctive Tenses of the verb to be Simple Present
- •Simple Past
- •The Indicative and Subjunctive Tenses of the verb to work Simple Present
- •Present Continuous
- •Present Perfect
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •Simple Past
- •Past Continuous
- •Past Perfect
- •Past Perfect Continuous
- •The synthetic and analytical forms of the subjunctive mood.
- •The conditional mood
- •The use of the conditionsl mood
- •In sentences and clauses of implied condition
- •The conditional mood in complex sentences
- •Subjunctive II, its forms, the independent use
- •Preference
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Types of conditional sentences
- •If I Had a Donkey
- •If I were King
- •Subjunctive II in conditional sentences
- •Inversion in Conditional sentences
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Types of jobs, choosing a career. On teaching.
- •Subjunctive II in object clauses after the verb to wish
- •Subjunctive II in adverbial clauses of comparison.
- •Subjunctive II in predicative clauses after the verbs of being and seeming.
- •Subjunctive II in attributive clauses after
- •It’s time, it’s high time
- •Topic. Illnesses and their treatment. Medical service in Great Britain.
- •In Case You Get Sick.
- •The suppositional mood and subjunctive I, their forms and use in subject clauses
- •The suppositional mood and subjunctive I in object, predicative and attributive appositive clauses after verbs and nouns denoting suggestion, demand, etc.
- •Attributive clauses
- •The suppositional mood and subjunctive I in subject clauses after it’s necessary (etc.)
- •The suppositional mood, subjunctive I and II in object, predicative and attributive appositive clauses after verbs and expressions denoting fear
- •Topic. London. Sightseeing.
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Subjunctive I and II in adverbial clauses of concession
- •Subjunctive I and II in adverbial clauses of time and place
- •The suppositional mood, subjunctive I and II in adverbial clauses of purpose
- •Topic. Food and meals.
- •Vegetable
- •Revision Exercise
- •Modal verbs
- •The forms could, might, should, would may also denote an unreal action. Most modal verbs are used in three modal meanings: the concrete, the imperative and the suppositional.
- •Modal Verbs due to the degree of certainty
- •I want to take up a course of English.
- •Used to
- •Topic. Higher education in Great Britain. Teacher training in Great Britain. Oxford. Cambridge.
- •Teacher Training in England and Wales
- •Teacher Training in Scotland
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Must in indirect speech
- •Have to
- •Use of modal verbs to express necessity
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Should and Ought
- •Topic. Travelling. Different means of travel. Travelling in your life.
- •Summarizing Exercise
- •Modal verbs used in the imperative meaning
- •Modal verbs used in the suppositional meaning
- •Shall and will
- •Modal verbs in preparatory it-clauses and indefinite personal clauses
- •Topic. Theatre going. Theatres in Great Britain.
- •Word From the Director
- •Summarizing Exercises
- •Subjunctive mood
- •Metric conversions Weights
- •Liquid Measures
- •Imperial Metric
- •Phrases for conversational situations
- •Interviewing language
- •Introducing a topic
- •Interrupting
- •Introducing the topic
- •Introducing each section
- •If there’s any justice in the world
- •If I fell in love
- •If I had a hammer
- •If I ruled the world
- •If you were me
Summarizing Exercise
Exercise 37. Fill in the blanks using Active Words of Unit 1; mind the use of Subjunctive II.
A. I’d rather you didn’t ___ at me like this.
B. Like what?
A. You aren’t ___ at me, you are ___. I hate it when people ___ at me.
A. His name certainly rings the bell. I just can’t remember it now.
B. What had he been doing before he started to ___ our sport club?
He used to be a sportsman, a ___, actually.
A. If only I had been in his office, none of it would have happened!
B. It wouldn’t have made any ___. Well, here are the papers.
A. But there were more! What about the ___ of the documents?
A. But for the ___ in their manner to talk, I wouldn’t even know if it is Peter or Michael.
B. Yes, those twins ___ very much ___. Just like two drops of water.
Types of conditional sentences
Sentences with adverbial clauses of condition are usually called conditional sentences. According to classification I there are 4 types of conditional sentences.
Conditional sentences of real condition. In such sentences the Indicative Mood is used both in the principal and in the subordinate clause.
E.g. If anybody asks, I’ll be in my office.
Conditional sentences of unreal condition referring to the present or the future. In such sentences the non-perfect form of the Conditional mood is used in the principal clause and the non-perfect form of Subjunctive II is used in the adverbial subordinate clause of condition.
E.g. If we had more time, we would go sightseeing.
E.g. ‘I know. But I’d still like to see the look on Father Bernard’s face if he found a lock he couldn’t open.’ (J. Saul)
Conditional sentences of unreal condition referring to the past. In such sentences the perfect form of the Conditional mood is used in the principal clause and the perfect form of Subjunctive II is used in the adverbial subordinate clause of condition.
E.g. If we had had more time then, we would have gone sightseeing.
E.g. ‘What would he have done if she’d reached out and touched him? If he’d ignored her, she’d have died.’ (S. Craven)
Mixed conditional sentences, which are the combination of types 2 and 3. One of the clauses refers to the present or to the future, while the other refers to the past.
E.g. We wouldn’t have problems now, if you had completed your project.
Classification II
According to the other classification there are 5 types of conditional sentences. Type II shows the use of the Suppositional mood. The present tense (the Non-Perfect form) of the Suppositional mood (should do sth.) is used in clauses of condition to show that the action is not likely to take place. Such clauses may be called clauses of problematic condition.
-
Type
Translation
I. Sentences of real condition
E.g. If I take this medicine, I will feel better.
Если я приму лекарство, то буду чувствовать себя лучше.
II. Sentences of problematic condition
E.g. If I should take this medicine, I will feel better.
Если я все же приму лекарство, то буду чувствовать себя лучше.
III. Sentences of unreal condition with reference to the Present and Future
E.g. If I took this medicine, I would feel better.
Если бы я приняла лекарство, я бы чувствовала себя лучше.
IV. Sentences of unreal condition with reference to the Past
E.g. If I had taken this medicine, I would have felt better.
Если бы я приняла лекарство, я бы чувствовала себя лучше.
V. Mixed type
E.g. If I had taken this medicine, I would feel better.
Если бы я приняла лекарство (тогда), я бы чувствовала себя лучше (сейчас).
Exercise 38. Read the proverbs. Suggest the situations to be illustrated by these proverbs.
If there were no clouds, we shouldn’t enjoy the sun.
If my aunt had been a man, she’d have been my uncle.
If wishes were horses, beggars would ride.
If wishes were fishes, we’d all cast nets.
If worst comes to worst.
Exercise 39. Read the poem, mind the use of Subjunctive II and the Conditional Mood. Learn the poems.
The Hoarse Horse
Kay Smith
If a horse caught a cold,
And his nose got all runny,
He would be a hoarse horse,
And he sure would sound funny.
If a beet in a garden
Could not stand the heat
On a hot sunny day,
He would be a beat beet.
If your mom wants a robot
To clean, cook and sew,
She might get a made maid
From a factory, you know.