- •Передмова
- •Lesson 1 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 2 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 3 the reading module
- •Wind energy
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Would, off, has, have, too, two
- •Lesson 4 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •One, per, due to, yet, if, would, could
- •Lesson 5 the reading module
- •Sustainability of renewable energy sources
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Out, if, in, both, as, to
- •Lesson 6 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •If, in, would, one, most, to, such as, few
- •Lesson 7 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speakig module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •But, in, some, there, so, for, own
- •Lesson 8 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •With, as, if, could, there, by, no
- •Lesson 9 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Being, as, for, even so, in, although, this, mainly, may
- •Lesson 10 the reading module
- •If alcohols are used instead of petrol is there less tail-pipe pollution?
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •E speaking module
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •As, from, above, also, or, to
After text activity
I. Reading exercises:
Exercise 1. Read and memorize using a dictionary:
petrol, gasoline, denatured alcohol, poison, warranty, octane rating, corrosive, abrasive, fuel filter, tax concession, retail market, sugar cane, bio-ethanol, flexible fuel vehicle, filling station, alcohol-based fuel |
Exercise 2. Answer the questions:
In what way can ethanol and methanol be used to fuel internal combustion motor vehicle?
Can these alcohols be used for making cocktails?
What properties of ethanol differ from those of petrol (gasoline)?
What kind of a raw material is used for producing ethanol in Brasil?
Exercise 3. Match the left part with the right:
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The speaking module
II. Speaking exercises:
Exercise 1. Describe gasoline, denatured alcohol, poison, octane rating, abrasive, fuel filter using the suggested words and expressions as in example:
gasoline fuel, internal, combustion, engine, consist, essentially, volatile, flammable, liquid, hydrocarbons; derive, crude, petroleum, processes, distillation, reforming, polymerization, catalytic, cracking, alkylation; common, name, gas, petrol. Example: A fuel for internal combustion engines consisting essentially of volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbons; derived from crude petroleum by processes such as distillation reforming, polymerization, catalytic cracking, and alkylation; the common name is gas.Also known as petrol. |
denatured alcohol ethyl, alcohol, contain, poisonous, substance, methyl, alcohol, benzene, unfit, human, consumption |
poison substance, relatively, small, doses, action, destroy, life, impair, seriously, functions, organs, tissues |
octane rating rating, indicate, tendency, knock, fuel, use, standard, internal, combustion, engine, standard, conditions |
abrasive have, qualities, conducive, derive, abrasion, known, abradant |
fuel filter device, internal, combustion, engine, remove, particles, fuel |
Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:
Question: _____________________________________________?
Answer: Many major car manufacturers have developed cars which run on fuels containing higher proportions of alcohol, typically E85.
Question: ______________________________________________________?
Answer: The national distribution network will also require modifications to some of its components, mainly because of the corrosive properties of alcohol and its ability to mix with water.
Question: ______________________________________________________?
Answer: When compared to diesel, the energy densities are about 56% and 46% respectively, when compared with petrol (gasoline) the ratios are about 64% and 53%.