- •Передмова
- •Lesson 1 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 2 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Lesson 3 the reading module
- •Wind energy
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Would, off, has, have, too, two
- •Lesson 4 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •One, per, due to, yet, if, would, could
- •Lesson 5 the reading module
- •Sustainability of renewable energy sources
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Out, if, in, both, as, to
- •Lesson 6 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •If, in, would, one, most, to, such as, few
- •Lesson 7 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speakig module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •But, in, some, there, so, for, own
- •Lesson 8 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •With, as, if, could, there, by, no
- •Lesson 9 the reading module
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading exercises:
- •The speaking module
- •II. Speaking exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •Being, as, for, even so, in, although, this, mainly, may
- •Lesson 10 the reading module
- •If alcohols are used instead of petrol is there less tail-pipe pollution?
- •After text activity
- •I. Reading Exercises:
- •E speaking module
- •II. Speaking Exercises:
- •The writing module
- •III. Writing exercises:
- •As, from, above, also, or, to
After text activity
I. Reading exercises:
Exercise 1. Read and memorize using a dictionary:
natural forestation, provision of foods, compression-ignition engines, nitrogen oxide, intake air, tailpipe particulate matter, four-stroke compression ignition engines, hydrocarbon, soot, exhausts, sulphur, acidic precipitation, fringe benefits, raw material, residues, contaminated materials, energy density, viscosity, additive, engine deposits |
Exercise 2. Answer the questions:
What are the major limitations of using biodiesel?
What are the advantages of using biodiesel?
What are the disadvantages of diodiesel?
Is overdevelopment of crops for bio fuels damaging to the environment?
Exercise 3. Match the left part with the right:
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The speaking module
II. Speaking exercises:
Exercise 1. Describe nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon, exhaust, residue, energy density, additive using the suggested words and expressions as in example:
nitrogen oxide N2O, colorless, sweet-tasting, gas, boiling, -90°C; slightly, soluble, water, soluble, alcohol; used food, aerosol, anesthetic, dentistry, surgery, known, laughing, gas Example: N2O Colorless, sweet-tasting gas, boiling at -90°C; slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol; used as a food aerosol, and as an anesthetic in dentistry and surgery.Also known as laughing gas. |
hydrocarbon one, very, large, group, chemical, compounds, composed, only, carbon, hydrogen; largest, source, hydrocarbons, petroleum, crude, oil |
exhaust working, substance, discharge, engine, cylinder, turbine, performing, work, moving, parts, machine |
residue
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energy density energy, per, unit, volume, medium; case, electric, magnetic, field, energy, needed, set up, field, thought, residing, field |
additive substance, added, another, strengthen, otherwise, alter, purpose, improving, performance, finished, product |
Exercise 2. Ask questions to the given answers:
Question: ___________________________________________?
Answer: Where specialised crops are grown on a vast commercial scale there is a distinct threat to diversity, natural forestation and the provision of foods.
Question: ____________________________________________________?
Answer: The overarching benefit of biodiesel is that as a renewable fuel it is nominally carbon-neutral.
Question: ____________________________________________________?
Answer: If biodiesel-from-crops was widely adopted as a motor fuel then there would be a knock-on effect with serious problems caused by reduced biodiversity, displaced forests and the disrupted supply of other vital agricultural products.