Упражнения

1. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present Indefinite Passive Voice, и переведите их устно:

This text (to write) in pencil. This question (to discuss) everywhere. Ten thousand railway carriages (to make) by our works every year. Much material (to collect) every month. Millions of letters (to send) every day. The table (to cover) with a red cloth (скатерть),

2. Перепишите предложения, раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Past Indefinite Passive Voice, и переведите их устно:

No echo (to hear) for three seconds. All the details (to know) to the scientists. A new island (to find). Our ship (to send) to explore that area. The laboratory (to equip) for this kind of scientific studies. A fish (to catch).

3. найдите в тексте все глаголы в страдательном залоге, определите их время (tense), назовите три основные формы этих глаголов.

4. Переведите письменно на русский язык, а потом обратно на английский и сверьте свой перевод:

A new globe was brought into the classroom. This area was often visited by scientists. New instruments were given to the scientists. The details are now know. New lenses were brought to our laboratory. When was the first fish caught? Were the instruments put on the table?

5. Выпишите из новых слов урока слова, родственные следующим русским словам:

интерес, лаборатория, океанографический, генеральный, глобус, телескоп, вулкан, партикулярный, инструмент, деталь, материал, институт, квартал, тип, линза

6. Распределите слова на 6 пар синонимов:

aid, various, the earth, large, ship, help, work, different, the globe, big, vessel, activity

7. Распределите слова на 8 пар антонимов:

back, less, full, push, generally, small, western, front, new, more, particularly, empty, eastern, great, old, pull

8. В новых словах урока найдите два слова, в которых ch читается [k].

9. Составьте таблицу образования времен группы Indefinite от глагола to prepare подготовлять.

10. Переведите на русский язык с начала до абзаца, начинающегося словами "In 1864..."

Дополнительный материал для устной речи.

TIME. ВРЕМЯ

What time is it?	Который час?
What's the time?
Nine o'clock.	9 часов.
Nine in the morning.	9 утра.
Ten in the evening.	10 вечера.
Ten minutes past mine.	9.10.
Ten minutes to nine.	8.50 (без десяти девять).
Ten past nine.	9.10.
Ten to nine.	8.50.
Ten fifteen.	10.15.
I'll do it today	Я сделаю это сегодня.

tomorrow	завтра
the day after tomorrow	послезавтра
next week (month, year)	на следующей неделе (в будущем месяце, году)
in five minutes	через пять минут
in twenty-four hours	за сутки
in a second	в одну секунду
in half a minute.	через полминуты.

I did it last month (week, year)	Я сделал это в прошлом месяце (на той неделе, в прошлом году)
yesterday	вчераthe
day before yesterday	позавчера
three days ago.	3 дня тому назад.

Примечание.

Заметьте предлоги past в указаниях времени после данного часа и to в указаниях времени до данного часа: ten past two 2.10 ten и to two без десяти два (1.50). Время до полудня обозначается на письме буквами a.m., а в речи словами in the morning; время после полудня - буквами p.m, а в речи словами in the afternoon или in the evening.

TIME

Little drops of water, little grains of sand, Make the mighty ocean and the pleasant land. Thus the little minutes, humble though they be* Make the mighty ocean of eternity.**

Frances S. Osgood (1811-1850)

* humble though they be - как они не скромны

** eternity - вечность

READING

DEEPEST LAKE IS DEEPER

Recent explorations of Lake Baikal show that world's deepest lake is even deeper than it was thought. Its greatest depth until recently was 5,712 feet, but new exploration found a cleft (расселина) which is at least 6,365 feet deep.

The cleft, which was named by the scientists "the Oklahon cleft", has a length of over 30 miles. Its width is less than half a mile, in some places narrowing (сужаясь) to only a few dozen yards.

STREET LAMPS AND THE TELESCOPE

The town of Zelenchuk in the Caucasus installed (установил) street lamps which send all the light down. They show no light at all when they are seen from above (сверху).

This has nothing to do (не имеет отношения) with the street-lighting in Zeienckuk itself. They are installed because the present lights interfere (мешают) with the operation of a telescope in a Caucasian astronomical observatory.

And the telescope is 25 miles away!

This fact shows the sensitivity (чувствительность) of modem instruments. The telescope is a giant (гигант). It is almost 100 feet long with a 237-inch mirror (зеркало).

Even though it is electronically operated, great precision (точность) is necessary. A one degree variation (отклонение в один градус) in temperature is enough to show a star under observation out of focus (не в фокусе).

Stars of the 24th magnitude (величина) - millions of times weaker than anything the naked (букв. голый; зд. невооруженный) eye can see - can be observed be this telescope.

PROVERBS

What is done cannot be undone. Сделанного не воротишь. (букв. Что сделано, того не переделаешь).

What cannot be cured must be endured. Приходится мириться с тем, что нельзя исправить, (букв. То, что нельзя вылечить, следует вытерпеть).

As you make your bed, so you must lie on it. Как постелишь, так и поспишь. (Ср. Что посеешь, то и пожнешь).

QUOTATIONS

Science is the systematic classification of experience. George Henry Lewes (England, 1817-1878)

Science is organized knowledge. Herbert Spencer (England, 1820-1903)

Age and youth look upon life from the opposite end of a telescope; it is ex-ceedingly (чрезвычайно) long; it is exceedingly short. Henry Ward Beecher (USA, 1813-1887)

We are never deceived; we deceive ourselves. Johann Wolfgang Goethe (Germany, 1749-1832)

JOKE

Sun and Moon

One day, two small boys discussed the sun and the moon. Which was more useful to man? At last one of them said, "Oh, I know. The moon is more useful than the sun because it shines at night when it is needed; but the sun shines in the daytime when nobody wants it, because there is enough light without it".