Вариант V
Перепишите и письменно переведите текст, используя словарь.
What is stress?
Stress is the emotional and physical way in which we respond to pressure. Stress can cause both mental and physical symptoms. The mental (emotional) symptoms of stress include: trouble sleeping and tension, irritability and inability to concentrate, feeling excessively tired.
The physical symptoms of stress are: dry mouth and a pounding heart, difficulty breathing and stomach upset, headache and sweating palms, tight muscles that may cause pain and trembling.
There are some kinds of stress and they are survival stress, internal stress, environmental stress, fatigue and overwork.
This is a common response to danger in all people and animals. When you are afraid that someone or something may physically hurt you, your body naturally responds with a burst of energy so that you will be better able to survive the dangerous situation or escape it all together. This is survival stress.
Internal stress is one of the most important kinds of stress to understand and manage. Internal stress is when people make themselves stressed. This often happens when we worry about things we can't control or put ourselves in situations we know will cause us stress.
The environmental stress is a response to things around you that cause stress, such as noise, crowding, and pressure from work or family.
The fatigue and overwork. This kind of stress builds up over a long time. It can be caused by working too much or too hard at your job(s), school, or home. It can also be caused by not knowing how to manage your time well or how to take time out for rest and relaxation. This can be one of the hardest kinds of stress to avoid because many people feel this is out of their control.
2. Перепишите вопросы, дайте ответы на английском языке, основываясь на содержании прочитанного текста, и переведите на русский язык.
1. What is stress?
2. What are the symptoms of stress?
3. What kinds of stress can you name?
4. What kind of stress do you experience if you are afraid of anything?
5. What is the internal stress?
6. What can fatigue and overwork be caused by?
3. Ответьте на вопросы, выразив собственное мнение.
1. Have you ever experienced stress in your life?
2. What kind s of stress have you experienced?
3. What do you think if we need stress in our life? Why do you think so? Please prove your point of view.
4. Перепишите данные слова и словосочетания на русском языке и напишите их эквиваленты, основываясь на содержании прочитанного текста.
быть (стать) причиной; прилив энергии; раздражительность; чрезмерно усталый; окружающая среда; усталость, утомление; неспособность; ответ, ответная реакция; частота сердцебиения; выживать, выдержать; справляться, удаваться.
Вариант VI
1. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст, используя словарь.
Dreams still a secret
What are dreams? Volumes have been written on the subject, but the real dreams mechanism is still an enigma and many laboratories around the world seek to unveil it.
A special electronic unit watching and registering the eye movements of a sleeping person has been tested at the University of Texas. The results proved among other things, that dreams affect a person's entire body, which reacts with slight muscle movements.
To the psychologist, the dream is a form of natural expression which occurs only when the activity of the brain is depressed by sleep or by the influence of aesthetics or drugs. It has much in common with the fantasies and daydreams of waking life and differs from them mainly in being expressed in a dramatic form in which the dreamer himself appears to play a part.
Do animals dream? Unfortunately we cannot be sure of the answer. Everyone knows that a sleeping dog often behaves as though he was dreaming, but it is impossible to tell whether it is really dreaming. By analogy with human experience, however, it is reasonable to suppose that at least the higher animals are capable of dreaming.
Many superstitions and occult practices have been built round the supposed power of dreams foretell the future. Instances of dreams which have later turned out to be "prophetic" have often been recorded.
2. Перепишите вопросы, дайте ответы на английском языке, основываясь на содержании прочитанного текста, и переведите на русский язык.
1. What is the mechanism of dreams?
Do dreams affect a person's entire body?
What is the dream to the psychologist?
Do animals dream?
3. Ответьте на вопросы, выразив собственное мнение.
Do you believe in dreams to be able to tell you the future?
4. Перепишите данные слова и словосочетания на русском языке и напишите их эквиваленты, основываясь на содержании прочитанного текста.
сон, сновидение, мечта, греза; головоломка, загадка; открывать, предстать в истинном свете; отмечать, записывать, показывать; доказывать; понижать, ослаблять, снижать; эстетика; видение, мечта; разумный, благоразумный, рациональный, здравый; суеверие, религиозный предрассудок; пример.