Вариант 8

I. Найдите в следующих предложениях герундий, инфинитив, причастие и выпишите их, указав часть речи. Определите форму, функцию, залог герундия, причастия, инфинитива.

1. The office building was seen surrounded by those on strike.

2. He stopped making telephone calls to that company.

3. The industrial exhibition is very important to participate in.

4. Do you like going on business abroad?

II. Выберите необходимую форму глагола в страдательном залоге из предложенных.

1. A new business centre has been built/was built in our town recently.

2. The secretary was told/has told the news when she came to the office.

3. The address of the firm was poorly written/will poorly written in ink.

4. He was spoken/will be spoken about at the next trade-union meeting.

III. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужную форму сослагательного наклонения.

1. If we (receive) documents tomorrow, we could start loading the goods on Monday.

2. He might have understood the information from your report if you (speak) slowly.

3. If I (know) that you were so busy, I would have helped you for sure.

4. You would understand it better if you (try) to prepare this project by yourself.

IV. Проанализируйте предложения. Определите вид подчинённого предложения и способ его соединения с главным предложением. Переведите на русский язык.

1. My father who is an experienced businessman often gives me some useful advice.

2. The secretary had brought the necessary documents so that we could start discussing the terms of delivery immediately.

3. After I had transferred the money to their account, there was a short interval in my work.

4. A public sale at which goods are sold to the highest bidder is called an auction.

V. Прочитайте текст. Письменно переведите 1-3 абзацы, ответьте на следующие вопросы, а ответы письменно расположите так, чтобы они могли быть планом к тексту.

ADVERTISING AND ADVERTISEMENT

In the eyes of the business world and of many economists, advertising performs an indispensable function. It helps consumers to choose among competing products. Also, by spurring demand for products, it extends the possibilities of mass production and thus leads to the economies of scale and to lower consumer costs. Advertising plays a very important part in modern merchandising. The manufactures tell the public about their new products and the stores tell the public about what they have at what prices.

Advertisements can be seen in newspapers, magazines, and on television every day of week. Many more advertisements are sent to customers' homes.

Advertising companies are called agencies. Each agency sells a lot of different products. Here is how it happens. The first stage is marketing research. Marketing researchers get information in three ways: on the phone, in group discussions, from questionnaires. The agency then writes, films, records and photographs a campaign. This is a series of advertisements on TV, radio, in the newspapers and magazines.

This great business of merchandising employs millions of white-collar workers, from clerks in the stores to top executives in the big department stores and the advertising agencies. For most clerks the salaries are low, but they are among the highest for top executives.

In the business world advertising is sometimes depicted as "the engine of prosperity". From another perspective, however, advertising goes against important social values. It promotes self-indulgence and thus counters moral and religious teachings that urge selflessness. It creates false "needs" and encourages waste.

This inevitable tension between business values and other social values often spills over onto the political stage, with the institutions of government struggling to resolve a point at issue.

1. How are advertising companies called?

2. What function does advertising serve in the eyes of many economists?

3. What is the reverse side of advertising?

4. Who does the great business of merchandising employ for advertising?

5. What do the manufacturers and stores tell the public with the help of advertising?