16. Songs, poems, cantos with the use of different onyms

Using language, every day we are confronted with their own names.

They are used to name people, geography and space objects, various objects of material and spiritual culture. By proper name attribute names as an actual or existing people, cities, rivers, constellations, etc., and the names of objects created by fantasy Rights: gods, demons, the names of the characters of fiction and folklore, etc. Under proper names after OI Fonyakovoy, we understand the "universal functional-semantic category names nouns, a special type of verbal signs, intended for isolation and identification of individual objects (animate and inanimate), expressing a single concept and general understanding of these objects in the language, speech and culture of the people. "(cited in [Petrova IA, 1996, pp. 3]) Functional and linguistic identity of proper names has to the fact that they were studying in a special branch of linguistics, onomastics (with Greek. "the art of giving names "). own names attracted attention already ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman scholars. As a special class of words they Stoics were identified, however, and later, during the Renaissance, in New time during the XIX century, continued discussion about the names own, at which have been expressed as an unambiguous (adopted by many scholars), and completely opposite opinions. Currently, when onomastics in a separate discipline, increased the need for its study. Onomastics as linguistic science studies the basic laws history, development and functioning of proper names. With its materials and methods for studying it, onomastics can not be self-discipline. And since it emerged at the intersection of science, it different complexity of the subject of investigation.

As the AV Superanskaya, the specificity of the object being studied is "that linguistic in nature, it also includes ethnographic, historical, sociological, literary components that help to identify specific linguist called objects and traditions associated with naming them "[Superanskaya AV, 1973, p.78]. In addition, in onomastic studies use

data archeology, history, material and spiritual culture, theology, biology, psychology, philosophy, logic, etc. This brings Onomastic perspective beyond linguistics and attaches independent set of its constituent components by dominating the linguistic component of onomastics, because, with the one hand, the name - a word that follows the laws of language. On the other hand, information about each name is extracted using linguistic methods own names used to refer to a broad and

diverse range of objects, phenomena and concepts. Onomastic space can be divided pas unique sectors, within which allocate separate areas or fields. "Field" in the names - "part of onomastic space containing onimy certain type ".

[Superanskaya AV, 1973, 281]. This division is necessary because all onomastic space is difficult foreseeable. It can be isolated anthroponymy, toponymy, zoonyms, fitonimiya, mifonimiya, astronimiya, hrononimiya, hrematonimiya etc. Each of the available classes onimov qualitatively heterogeneous. For example, anthroponomy (naming people) may be individual: personal name, middle name, last name and group, which include tribal, familial and dynastic names. Among names distinguish hydr onimy (naming waterbodies) oykonimy (names of settlements), oronyms (names of the elements of the earth surface), urbanonimy (names of inner objects). And in the mifonimov, which constitute a specific sector of onomastic

space includes the naming of people, animals, plants, peoples, geographical and cosmographical objects, various objects, never really existed, but we know from fairy tales and myths created by human imagination.

Today, proper names constitute a kind of lexico - grammatical category that can be studied in different aspects: in language and speech, dialect and literary spheres. Recently especially the increased interest in the specifics of different kinds of literature Onomastics epic, dramatic, lyrical. This is due to the fact that their own names in the art test has its own specifics. Like other means language, proper names, as used in the context of artistic work, begin to live and be seen in the complex

and deep-shaped run-run feature whole "[Vinogradov VYSOTSKY, 1954, p.18-20]. Each of the writers uses the proper names in accordance with his creative method and the specific ideological and artistic challenges in this or another product. "On the use of names etched with a certain era, a literary movement. class position of the author. The same name may serve different purposes. "[Mikhailov, VN, 196b, p.54]

In this regard, the 50-60-ies. XX century. formed a special branch knowledge - literary onomastics, studying the functioning of onimov in texts of literature. "literary (unethical) onomastics can be defined as a subjective reflection of objective, as

undertaken by the writer of "game" general language Onomastic norms ". [Karpenko, YA, 1986, p.34-40]. "literary onomastics - is part of the concept of" artistic whole "method of reflections of the world by naming one of the components

problem of artistry, magic and its secrets. "[Nemirovskaya TV, 1988, p.112] own names in a fiction are different from general language and functionally and semantically. Thus, in real life there is no internal connection between the name and its bearer. Emphasized the lack of proper names lexical meaning, its semantic emptiness. In contrast, a generic name, they are limited to one function -- designation that allows them only to distinguish, identify designated objects. But in art the connection between name and bearer may well be determined by the will of the author. "The names of their own, without in the language of their subject-logical or connotative meaning, in artistic text acquire semantic and emotional potential, which accumulates in the process of turning the text over Content and characteristics of character denoted object – media behalf. "[Avteneva LA., Bakastova TV, 1988, p.163] Interference of a literary text and the name of its own is bidirectional: "On the one hand, labeling, one denotatum, proper names serve as a text buckles, and endowed " Thus, the text-function. On the other hand, the name own, as we move in the text. sobstventso-semantic structure. "[Bakastova TV, 1984]. For literary onimov, unlike Onomastics common language, connotative meaning becomes compulsory and often comes to the fore, causing a particular aspect functioning of proper names in fiction. "[Bushtyan LM, 1984] Particularly relevant today is the analysis of specific

use of proper names in poetic texts. because "the poetics of names own - region slovesnoobraznyh means very little more investigated. [Magazannik E., 1967.] At the same time, a proper name, becoming the material of poetry, plays a special role, becomes a point of reference

.... when updating the harmony of the poetic text "[Zhogin CB, 1997, p.2]. In addition - the writer's desire to maximize possibility of proper names in the poetic text leads to the fact that they become one of the most important tools for creating vivid, unexpected images proper name, which can be interpreted as a sign of

high level of abstraction in terms of overall fixation of the signified and signifier

in the text, allows a reference to cognitive artifacts (picture, mind stage) and the archetype for networking and traditions of his poetry and interaction of his poetic system with other art systems. [Zhogin KB, 1997, p. 4] in the works onomastov subject analysis onomasticon only enough known, characterized by bright individual style of the authors. In particular, Grigor'ev VP investigates onomastics Velimir Khlebnikov, Nekrasov, EA - Andrei Voznesensky, Bogoslavskaya LM - Marina Tsvetaeva. Sometimes considered the use of onimov only certain classes (eg: Hramtsova MI describes hydronyms in the poetic language of Christmas).

to studying the functioning of proper names in the poetic text also devoted to the work Puzyreva AV, Mikhailov VN, Fonyakovoy OI, Karpenko YA, Karpenko, Bumtyan LM, Magazinnikov EB etc. They are directed mainly on the influence functions of proper names in the space literary text.

At the last all-union conference "The Science of" names: Prospects Onomastics Development, held in Moscow in 1991, the report Karpenko YA was formulated by the task of expanding the research base poetic onomastics, not only through recourse to the classics genre, but to our modern poets.

In solving this problem is and this work. object of our study are proper names in poetry