5. Переведите текст с английского языка на русский.

Hybrid Cars

A Hybrid-electric vehicle has both a petrol engine and an electric motor. The petrol engine is the power source. The electric motor provides extra power for overtaking, hill-climbing and accelerating from stop. In some cars, it also provides power for low-speed cruising as petrol engines are least efficient in these conditions. When the car is running at a constant speed, the petrol engine provides all the power required. In addition to a fuel tank, the HEV carries a pack of advanced batteries. There is also a processor which decides when to use the motor and engine.

HEVs use regenerative braking. When the driver brakes, the resistance of the motor helps to slow down the car. At the same time, the energy from the wheels turns the electric motor which then functions as a generator, producing electricity to recharge the batteries. When the batteries are low, the petrol engine also drives the generator.

Hybrid cars have automatic start/shutoff. No energy is wasted from idling when the car is stopped.

Hybrid- electric vehicles are more efficient and pollute less than cars with only petrol engines. They do not require special fuel like hydrogen cars and, unlike electric cars, they do not need to be plugged in overnight to recharge the batteries. However, they are heavy because of the weight of the batteries.

6. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. What two things are combined to make a hybrid car?

2. When is the petrol engine used alone?

3. When is the electric motor used alone?

4. When are both motors used?

5. What advantage does this car have over an electric car?

Задания для самостоятельной работы Вариант 5

1. . Сопоставьте слова.

truck clutch fuel design up-to-date comfortable gearbox produce safety ignition

безопасность производить топливо грузовой автомобиль проектировать коробка передач зажигание сцепление удобный современный

2. Переведите следующие слова на русский язык:

valve, tension, to replace, pressure, wheel, brakes, coolant, hazardous, lever, to repair,

3. Переведите слова с русского языка на английский

кузов, разрабатывать, надежный, двигатель, цикл, трение, бензин, КПД, изобретать, скорость,

4. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык

1. In resistance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to the flow of an electric current.

2. In a milling machine the cutter is a circular device with a series of cutting edges on its circumference.

3. Toughness is the resistance of a material to breaking when there is a crack in it.

4. Engineers must know how materials respond to exter­nal forces.

5. Compression is a pressure causing a decrease in volume.

6. Fracture of the workpiece during forming can result from inner flaws in the metal.

7. A lot of metalworking processes have been developed for certain applications.

8. The internal combustion engine is called so because fuel is burned directly inside the engine itself.

9. The clutch connects the engine with the driving wheels.

10. The foundation of the automobile chassis is the frame which provides support for the engine, body and power-train members.