Vice- “instead of, in place of” ex.: vice president

The third group – judgment prefixes which make a judgment about the root.

Dis- “intensifier” ex.: disturb

Dys- “bad, badly” ex.: dyslogistic

Eu- “good, well” ex.: euphoria

Extra- “outside the scope of” ex.: extraordinary

Mia- “evil, wrong, ill” ex.: malodirant

Meta- ‘changed’ ex.: metaphysics

Mis- “badly, wrongly” ex.: mislead

Pro- “on behalf of” ex.: production

Proto- “first, chief” ex.: prototype

Pseudo- “false, deceptive resemblance” ex.: pseudoname

Locative prefixes. They say something about place and direction.

Ab- (a-, abs-) “from, away” (abnormal)

Ad- “to, ford” (advance)

Ana- “back” (analogy)

Apo- “away, from” (apology)

Cat- “away, back, down, opposite” (catastrophe)

De- “away, from, down” (decay)

Dia- “across, through” (diameter)

Ecto- “external” (ectoplasm)

En- “in, into” (enclose)

Endo- “internal” (endocrinology)

Epi- “on, over” (epidermis)

Ex-, ec- “out, from, away” (ex-wife)

In- “in, into, within” (inchoate)

Infra- “below, beneath, within” (infrastructure)

Inter- “between, among” (interchange)

Intra-, intro- “inside” (introvert)

Ob- “against” (obdurate)

Para- “beside, along with” (parallel)

Per- “through” (pervade)

Peri- “around” (perimeter)

Pro- “in front of” (proposition)

Pros- “concerning” (prosody)

Retro- “back” (retrospection)

Sub- “under, below” (subtitle)

Super- “over, above” (supernatural)

Sur- “over, above” (surrealistic)

Syn- “with, together” (syntactic)

Tres- (tre-, trans-) “across” (transnational)

Measurement prefixes.

Crypto- “secret, hidden” (cryptography)

Hyper- “over, to access” (hypersensitive)

Hypo- “under, slightly” (hypotonic)

Is-, iso- “equal” (isotope)

Macro- “large, broad scale” (macroeconomics)

Micro- “tiny, small scale” (microscope)

Mid- “middle” (midwinter)

Semi- “half, partly” (semicolon)

Ultra- “”beyond, extreme” (ultra liberal)

NEGATIVE PREFIXES

dis- “apart, reversal, lacking”, e. g. displease

in- “negative”, e. g. indiscreet

non- “not”, e. g. nonsense

ob- “inverse, in the opposite direction”, e. g. object

se-, sed- “apart”, e. g. separate

un- “not”, e. g. unclean

un- “opposite”, e. g. untie

TEMPORAL PREFIXES: THOSE WHICH SAY SOMETHING ABOUT

TIME OR DURATION

ante- “preceding”, e. g. antechamber

fore- “before” in time or space, e. g. forecast

neo- “new, recent”, e. g. neotype

post- “after, behind”, e. g. postpone

pre-, pro-, “before, in front of”, preconceive

re-, red- “anew, again, back”, regenerate

SUFFIXES

The last suffix of the word always determines what part of speech the word belongs to.

SUFFIXES WHICH FORM ADJECTIVES FROM NOUNS OR VERBS

-able “fit for doing, fit for being done”, e. g. agreeable

-al (-ial, -ical, -ual) “having the property of”, e. g. conjectural

-an, -ian “belonging to, resembling”, e. g. reptilian

-ary “having a tendency or purpose”, e. g. tributary

-ate “full of”, e. g. passionate

-ese “belonging to a place”, Japanese

-esque “having the style of X”, e. g. Romanesque

-esc “become”, e. g. coalesce

-ful “full of X”, e. g. peaceful

-iac “pertaining to the property X”, elegiac

-ic “having the property X”, e. g. atheistic

-ish “to become like X”, e. g. boyish

-ive “characterized by”, e. g. abusive

-less “without, free from”, e. g. fearless

-ly “appropriate to, befitting”, e. g. friendly

-oid “having the shape of, resembling”, e. g. humanoid

-ory “connected with, serving for”, e. g. obligatory

-ory “place where”, e. g. refectory

-ose “full of, abounding in”, e. g. verbose

-ous “of the nature of X”, e. g. glorious

-some “like, characterized by”, e. g. cumbersome

-y “full of, characterized by”, e. g. mighty

SUFFIXES WHICH FORM ABSTRACT NOUNS

-asy, -acy “state or quality”, e. g. advocacy

-age “condition, state, rank, office of”, e. g. postage

-ance, -ence “state, act, or fact of”, emergence

-al “act of”, e. g. renewal

-ation “state of being X-ed”, e. g. purification

-ery, -ry “collectivity”, e. g. masonry

-hood “state of condition of”, e. g. womanhood

-ia “condition of”, e. g. euphoria

-icity “abstract noun from -ic”, e. g. electricity

-ism “doctrinal system of principles”, e. g. realism

-ity “state, quality, condition of”, e. g. diversity

-ment “condition of being X”, e. g. treatment

-ness “state, condition. Quality of”, e. g. idleness

-ship “state, condition”, e. g. dictatorship

SUFFIXES WHICH FORM AGENTIVE NOUNS

-ant, -ent “one who”, e.g. defendant

-arian “member of a sect, holding to a doctrine”, e.g. egalitarian

-ast “one assotiated with X”, e.g. enthusiast

-er “agent”, e.g. baker

-ist “one connected with, often agent”, e.g. dentist

-ician “one skilled in some art or science”, e.g. musician

SUFFIXES WHICH FORM VERBS FORM ROOTS AND STEMS

-ate “cause X to happen”, e.g. create

-en “to become”, e.g. darken

-ify “to cause to be X”, e.g. purify

-ize “to cause to be X”, e.g. popularize

MISCELLANEOUS SUFFIXES

-arium, - orium “locative, a place for or connected with”, e.g. aquarium

-ess “feminine of X”, e.g. stewardess

-let “diminutive”, e.g. leaflet