- •Министерство образования Республики Беларусь
- •Кафедра белорусского и иностранных языков
- •Гомель 2003
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •Read the words and study their meaning:
- •Read the word combinations, give their Russian equivalents
- •Read the following sentences with new words
- •Insert the suitable word from active vocabulary:
- •5. Make up sentences using new words and expressions.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •A home in england
- •Food and eating habits.
- •Vocabulary and speech exercises.
- •1. Read the words and word combinations and memorize them.
- •1. Places to eat:
- •2. At a restaurant/ cafe/ pub:
- •3. Meals and courses:
- •4. Quality of food / general appearance:
- •4.Make up sentences of your own, using the following expressions:
- •Eating out
- •1.After you read these texts, answer the questions:
- •2. Ask your groupmates all kinds of questions concerning eating traditions in Belarus and abroad:
- •3. Look through the text “At a pub” and compose a dialogue, discussing pubs:
- •4.1. Read the dialogues and answer the questions:
- •4.2. Read and reproduce the dialogues, using the prompts in the boxes.
- •I should very much like some cookies, please.
- •4.3. Each reply from the given list is a waiter's reply. Imagine you're a visitor of a restaurant and answer it.
- •4.4. Discuss the following situations in pairs:
- •5. Speak on the topic. Travelling and tourism
- •Vocabulary and speech exercises.
- •Read the words and study their meaning.
- •6. Entertain развлекаться, забавляться.
- •25. To board one/s plane (boat, ship), on board
- •Read the words combinations, give their Russian equivalents
- •3 Read the following sentences with new words
- •4 Insert the suitable word from the active vocabulary.
- •5 Make up sentences.
- •Vocabulary and speech exercises.
- •1. Read the words and study their meaning.
- •2. Read the word-combinations , give their Russian equivalents and memorize them:
- •3. Read the following sentences with new words and put all kinds of questions to them:
- •4. Insert the suitable word from the active vocabulary.
- •5. Make up sentences with new words.
- •Spending Money : Shopping
- •2. Read the text again. As you read it note down any thing about ways in which shopping in our country differs from that of Britain and other English – speaking countries.
- •3. Speak on the topic “Shopping” ecology. Environmental pollution
- •Vocabulary and speech exercises.
- •1. Read the words and study their meaning.
- •2.Read the word combinations, give their Russian equivalents and memorize them
- •3.Read the following sentences with new words and put all kinds of questions to them
- •5. Make up sentences :
- •1.Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •3. Give answers to these questions.
- •4. Look through the text and discuss the problem of:
- •Vocabulary and Speech Exercises
- •2. Read the word-combinations, give their Russian equivalents and memorize them:
- •3. Read the following sentences with new words and put all kinds of questions to them:
- •4. Insert the suitable word from the active vocabulary:
- •5. Make up sentences with the following words:
- •1.Read the text and be ready to answer the questions that follow it: mass media
- •2.Ask your groupmate all kinds of questions about a key role of mass media in shaping our views.
- •3.Look through the text and discuss advantages and disadvantages of all the mass media.
- •4.1.Read the text and answer the questions:
- •4.2.Read the text and speak on the following:
- •4.3.Read the text and say what new facts you have found in it:
- •5.Speak on the topic “Mass Media”.
- •Vocabulary and speech exercises.
- •Engineering – инженерное дело; техника
- •Практическое пособие
- •Авторы - составители: Пузенко Иван Николаевич
2. Read the text again. As you read it note down any thing about ways in which shopping in our country differs from that of Britain and other English – speaking countries.
3. Speak on the topic “Shopping” ecology. Environmental pollution
Vocabulary and speech exercises.
1. Read the words and study their meaning.
1. absorb поглощать
Natural cycles absorb small amounts of natural wastes in bodies of water.
2. accumulate накапливать, складывать, скоплять
accumulation накопление, скапливание
In the process of consumption and production wastes accumulate.
3. cause причинять, быть причиной
The environment pollution causes global warming.
4. combustion горение, сгорание
syn. burning
Most of air pollution results from combustion processes.
5.contamination загрязнение, порча
We must stop the contamination of our waterways.
Mercury is a toxin that creates problems of contamination in various kinds of fish.
6.consume потреблять, расходовать
consumption потребление расход
Many environmental services are collectively consumed or used.
7. damage ущерб, вред, повреждение убыток
damage повредить, нанести убыток повреждение
to cause damage- нанести ущерб
Rapid economic development inflicts ecological damage to many countries.
8. dump сбрасывать, сваливать мусор
Thousands of industrial plants dump their wastes into rivers.
9. disaster бедствие, катастрофа, несчастье
disastrous бедственный, губительный, несчастный
Environmental pollution can occur as a result of dramatic disasters.
10. exhaust выхлопной, выпускной
exhaust gases выхлопные газы
The main causes of air pollution are smoke and exhaust gases.
11. emission эмиссия, выделение, распространение
The emissions from automobiles and factories are dumped into the atmosphere.
12. habitat естественная среда
Habitat is the natural home or locality of an animal or plant.
13. harmful вредный, пагубный, губительный
harm вред
harm наносить вред
to do harm- вредить, причинять вред
Pollution can harm our health.
One serious result of air pollution is its harmful effect on human health.
14. horrible страшный, ужасный
The most horrible ecological disaster befell Belarus and its people in the result of Chernobyl tragedy.
15. poisonous ядовитый
poison яд
Poisonous gases make breathing difficult and can cause death.
16. pollution загрязнение
pollute загрязнять
pollutant загрязнитель
Lead is a major pollutant in car exhaust.
17. preserve сохранять, охранять, оберегать
preserve заповедник
There are some preserves in our republic.
18. protection защита, охрана
protect защищать, охранять
Urgent measures to protect environment should be taken.
19. recycle перерабатывать отходы
recycling переработка отходов
Recycling is the transformation of wastes into raw materials that are again usable.
Many kinds of wastes can be recycled.
20. rubbish хлам, мусор
Old cars, refrigerators , domestic appliances, rubbish heaps are collected and accumulated on the terrain.
21. substance вещество
in substance – по существу
Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 100 million tons of dust and other harmful substances.
22. terrain местность, территория
When the wastes are dumped on the terrain they ruin the attractiveness of the surrounding areas.
23. thermal тепловой, термический
thermal power station – теплоэлектростанция
Thermal pollution occurs when hot waste water is discharged into rivers, lakes and seas.
24. waste отходы, отбросы
Solid waste include paper and plastic products, glass bottles, aluminium and steel cans, rubbish.
25.worry беспокоиться
to be worried – быть обеспокоенным
People all over the world are worried about ecological situation.