Examination of a Patient

Before treating a patient it is necessary to make a correct diagnosis of the disease and to determine its aetiology, i.e. the causes of the disease. The doctor must know well the pathogenesis of any disease, i.e. the way and mechanism of its development, as well as the symptoms by which it can be revealed.

A number of different procedures is used to establish a diagnosis: history-taking, physical examination, which includes visual examination, palpation, percussion, auscultation, laboratory studies, consisting of urinalysis, blood, sputum and other analyses; instrumental studies, for example, taking electrocardiograms or cystoscopy, X-ray examination and others.

For determining a disease it is very important to know its symptoms such as breathlessness, edema, cough, vomiting, fever, haemorrhage, headache and others. Some of these symptoms are objective, for example, haemorrhage or vomiting, because they are determined by objective study, while others, such as headache or dizziness (головокружение) are subjective, since they are evident only to the patient.

36. Визначте, яке речення є в тексті:

a) Some of these symptoms are objective, for example, haemorrhage or vomiting, because they are determined by objective study.

b) Filling in a case history a therapeutist must pay attention to exact findings of the analyses.

c) The dose to be taken and the directions for the administration are also indicated on a label.

d) The way and mechanism of disease development are very important to the doctor.

e) Objective and subjective symptoms are very significant in making a diagnosis.

37. Доповніть речення:

The doctor must know well the pathogenesis of any disease, i.e. …

a) taking electrocardiagrams or cystoscopy, X-ray examination and others.

b) the way and mechanism of its development, as well as the symptoms by which it can be revealed

c) a number of different procedures to establish a diagnosis

d) causes of a particular disease occurrence

e) manifestations and symptoms of disease progressing

38. Доповніть речення пропущеними словами:

It is very … to know a disease symptoms such as breathlessness, edema, cough, vomiting, haemorrhage and others for … it .

a) important, carrying out b) important, determining c) known, determining

d) possible, carrying out e) desirable, estimating

39. Зазначте, яке речення не відповідає змісту текста.

a) Haemorrhage and vomiting are objective symptoms of a disease.

b) There are subjective symptoms such as headache and dizziness.

c) The pathogenesis of a disease is the way and mechanism if its development.

d) This disease is more common in men than in women.

e) Instrumental studies are used in making diagnosis.

40. Яке речення відповідає змісту тексту:

a) Such symptoms as breathlessness, edema, cough, fever, vomiting, haemorrhage, headache are very important for the doctor to determine the disease.

b) The patient stated that he had been suffering from a bad cough with purulent sputum, vomiting, headache, fever, for about a month.

c) After the attacks of cough the patient felt pain in the substernal area, in the throat.

d) Some procedures are very necessary to be made before treating a patient.

e) Objective symptoms used in history taking help in the treatment

Виберіть правильний варіант відповіді:

1. During several centuries спалахи чуми were a constant threat to the population.

a) outcomes of plague b) outbreaks of plague c) outflows of plague

d) outlooks of plague e) outlets of plague

2. The outstanding feature of the time were постійно рецидивуючі epidemies of contagious diseases.

a) constantly recurring b) continuously recessing c) permanently recovering

d) invariably recuperating e) unceasingly reducing

3. Patients shouldn’t think they’re getting погане лікування if their doctors don’t prescribe antibiotics. Be patient! The bug will eventually go away!

a) perfect management b) poor treatment c) bad care d) proper cure e) health protection

Виберіть синонім до підкресленого слова:

4. The hospital has all the facilities for all types of emergency operations.

a) exploratory b) relaxing c) one-stage d) encircling e) urgent

5. The department of contagious diseases has recently been transferred into a new building.

a) contact b) infectious c) contrast d) convalescent e) intolerable

Виберіть антонім до підкресленого слова:

6. Severe and persistent symptoms of cardiac disorder were stopped after using complex therapy.

a) temporal b) transformed c) transfused d) transferred e) transduced

7. The patient developed exacerbation of superficial thrombophlebitis.

a) profuse b) profound c) prolonged d) prompt e) prospective

8. Який термін випадає з логічного ряду:

a) emotion b) systole c) diastole d) valve e) heart

9. Виберіть слово, яке не є синонімом:

а) to hurt b) to injure c) to beat d) to operate e) to damage