26) What is the main idea in a literary work?

The idea is an attitude to represented, the main thought, basic pathos of a literary work, the category expressing an author's tendency in artistic representation of the given theme. Art is not a mirror, but «a magic lantern», shining the image of life through the author‘s attitude. The writer estimates, comprehends, correlates the represented ideas in a literary work to a certain ideal, he gives his understanding of reality. It is necessary to distinguish idea, in a literary work and in the scientific treatise. The idea is the main thought of a literary work. The idea - subjectivity, expressed in a literary work as the complex of thoughts and feelings that belong to the author. The idea is embodied in literary images. The idea of a literary work may be contrary to life truth.

27) What is the problem in a literary work?

Themes and problem, themes and ideas, themes and motifs are related in a literary work. Problem - is the theme articulated in the form of a question. Problem - complicated question posed in a literary work (can get an answer or remain unresolved), the party of life, which is particularly interested in the writer. The same theme can serve as a basis for the formulation of various problems (the topic of serfdom - the problem of lack of freedom inside the fortress, the problem of mutual corruption, mutilation and serfs and serf, the problem of social injustice). Thought about how you can solve the main problem of the work, the author found a version of the solution, called the idea of the work. There are many unresolved issues that everyone should look for yourself (for example, the problem of unrequited love).

28) Conceptions about sujet and fabula.

Plot is the story line or the way a story is written. Fabula and Sujet (also sjuzhet, syuzhet, sjužet, or suzet) are terms originating in Russian Formalism and employed in narratology (теория повествования) that describe narrative construction. Sujet is an employment of narrative and fabula is the order of retelling events. They were first used in this sense by Vladimir Propp and Shklovsky. The fabula of a text is the raw order in which events occurred, while sujet is defined as the way in which these events are depicted and reshaped in their emplotment. Since Aristotle- narrative plots are supposed to have a beginning, middle, and end. Фабула <fabel> (лат. fabula - рассказ, повествование) in English – fable. Sujet is a complete system of events in their sequence, and the fabula is a sujet scheme. Fabula is a complete system of events and the sujet is its scheme. Sujet is artistically purposeful system of events and the plot is straightened sujet. The concept of fabula is redundant.

29) What is linear plot? (Freytag's pyramid, its main components.)

A linear plot begins, progresses through events to a climax, and reaches a destination. sort of in a straight line of events. A non-linear plot typically presents the audience with multiple paths from one to the other. characters and dialog go in more than one direction and has the audience infers more. Three-part view of a plot structure (with a beginning, middle, and end) prevailed until 1863, when the German playwright and novelist Gustav Freytag laid out what has come to be known as Freytag's pyramid. Under Freytag's pyramid, the plot of a story consists of five parts: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.