XIII. Прочтите и переведите текст a: Text a. What is psychology

Psychology is the study of the mind and behaviour. The discipline of psychology embraces all aspects of the human experience – from the functions of the brain to the environments in which humans and other animals develop, from child development to aging. Psychology is the science based on a large body of social science and behavioral science research.

Psychologists study two critical relationships: one between brain function and behaviour, and one between the environment and behaviour. As scientists physiologists follow scientific methods using careful observation, experimentation and analysis to learn more about the world in which we live and its inhabitants.

Psychology evolved out of both philosophy and biology. The word “psychology” is derived from the Greek word “psyche” meaning “soul”.

Psychology is both an applied and academic field that studies the human mind and behaviour. Research in physiology seeks to understand and explain thought, emotion and behaviour. Applications of psychology include mental health treatment, performance enhancement, self-help, ergonomics, and many other areas affecting health and daily life.

The field of psychology was truly born when Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. Today psychologists prefer to use more objective scientific methods to understand, explain and predict human behaviour. Psychological studies are highly structured beginning with a hypothesis that is then tested. Psychology has two main areas: academic psychology and applied psychology. Academic psychology focuses on the study of different sub-topics within psychology including personality psychology, social psychology and developmental psychology.

Academic psychologists conduct basic research that seeks to expand our theoretical knowledge. Other researchers conduct applied research that seeks to solve everyday problems. Examples of applied areas of psychology include forensic psychology, ergonomics and industrial-organizational psychology. Many other psychologists work as therapists helping people overcome mental, behavioral and emotional disorders.

TASKS

I. Translate the following word combinations:

изучение поведения, функции мозга и поведение, окружающая среда и поведение, следовать научным методам, мир и его обитатели, прикладная область исследования, понять и объяснить мышление, психическое здоровье, поражать здоровье, объяснить и предсказать поведение человека, академическая и прикладная психология, решать каждодневные проблемы, преодолеть психические расстройства

II. Answer the questions:

1.What is psychology?

2. What does the discipline of psychology embrace?

3. What two critical relationships do psychologists study?

4. What sciences did psychology evolve out?

5. What is the word “psychology” derived from?

6. What does research in psychology seek?

7. When was the field of psychology born?

8. What two main areas of study does psychology have?

9. What does academic psychology focus on?

10. What about applied psychology?

11. Can psychologists work as therapists?

12. What do they do?