IV. Complete the sentences with the proper word:

1. I. P. Pavlov entered the Petersburg University to study … .

2. He decided to become … .

3. Pavlov began to lecture on … .

4. He studied the work of the … system.

5. He made many experiments on … .

6. He was a very skillful … and the dogs generally … very quickly.

7. Pavlov made great … to medical science.

8. … imagine that you know everything.

V. Choose the proper prepositions from the given ones:

1. Pavlov was born … September 14, 1849.

a. in b. on c. at d. by

2. He helped his father … his farm.

a. in b. on c. at d. for

3. Pavlov began to work … the Military Academy.

a. in b. on c. at d. to

4. He began to lecture … physiology.

a. in b. on c. at d. of

5. He had to make operations … dogs

a. with b. on c. at d. in

6. He rose … 7 o’clock every morning.

a. by b. in c. at d. on

7. He received the Nobel Prize … his work.

a. to b. of c. during d. for

8. He died …the age of 86.

a. on b. at c. in d. by

VI. Answer the questions:

1. Where did Pavlov study natural sciences?

2. What did he decide to become himself?

3. What did Pavlov study?

4. What experiments did he carry out?

5. Why did the dogs show no fear of Pavlov?

6. When did he use anaesthetics?

7. What was the usual Pavlov’s working day?

8. What did he receive for his scientific work?

VII. Say what you know about I. P. Pavlov:

Part II

I. Прочтите слова, запомните их произношение и дайте русские эквиваленты:

reflex [‘rJfleks], somatic [sou’mqetic], visceral [‘visqrql], produce [prO’djHs], condition [kqn’diSn], reaction [ri’qekSn], signalization [,signqlQi’zeiSn], association [q,sousi’eiSn], phobia [‘foubiq], phenomenon [fi’nOminqn], infant [‘infqnt], relaxation [,rilqk’seiSn], technique [tek’nJk], provoke [prq’vouk]

II. Выучите новые слова и словосочетания:

certain [sWtn] – определенный, некоторый

to protect [prq’tekt] – защищать, охранять

external [iks’tWnql] - наружний

to depend on [di’pend] – зависеть от

to surround [sq’rQund] - окружать

condition [kqn’diSn] – состояние, условие

to respond [ris’pOnd] – реагировать, отвечать

response [ris’pOns] – реакция, ответ

to apply [qp’lQi] - применять

additional [qdi’Sinql] – дополнительный, добавочный

ability [q’biliti] - способность

to increase [in’krJs] – увеличивать, повышать

range [reinG] – область, круг, сфера

to obtain [qb’tein] – получать. приобретать

anxiety [qeN’zQiqti] – беспокойство, тревога

III. Прочтите и переведите следующие словосочетания:

certain reactions, to protect health, health protection, to depend on the environment, to depend on the condition of health, to be independent, surrounding conditions, to respond quickly, different responses, to apply a new method, additional treatment, wide range of interests, to obtain reactions, obtained reflexes, in infants, without anxiety, to feel anxiety

IV. Употребите усилительную конструкцию для выделенных слов:

1. The motor cortex controls many movements of the human body.

2. Different reflexes make us react.

3. The great Russian physiologist Pavlov called them unconditioned reflexes.

4. The nervous system has the ability to form cortical associations.

5. Conditioned reflexes begin to develop in infancy.

V. Переведите следующие предложения с помощью словаря:

1. When a light beam hits our eyes our pupils shrink in response to the light

stimulus.

2. When the doctor taps you below the knee cap your leg swings out.

3. To treat phobias such as heights or crowds the so-called “Pavlovian” training

can be used.

4. At the end of the series the strongest anxiety-provoking situation may be

brought to mind without anxiety.

VI. Прочтите и переведите текст B: