Text e. Private Policing in the usa
Task: read the text and insert suitable words from the box:
crime rates law enforcement protection, security systems retirement evidence |
One name stands out in the history of private policing in the United States: Allan Pinkerton. In 1849 he became Chicago’s first detective. A year later he set himself up as a private detective, and thus started the private detective business in America. During the Civil War he served in the Union army as a major and set up its successful espionage system.
The 1950s and 1960s were years of civil unrest, increasing _____ , and the beginning of terrorism. This was fertile ground for the growth of the private security business. Public ________ was not able to keep up with the demand for protection. Voters were unwilling to increase police budgets. Private enterprises, even housing developments, had to provide for their own ________. Today there are nearly twice as many private security personnel as public police officers.
In the past, few skills were needed to do the work. The development of sophisticated ___________ requires technical and management skills. Executive protection requires intelligence, agility, training, and often language skills. Contract security agencies have vastly upgraded their recruitment and educational standards.
Yet much remains to be done to bring private security under public control and to improve the relationship between private and public security. The wages offered by private security entice many police officers to take the earliest possible _________ in order to enter the private sector. To the extent that the private sector benefits from the expensive training and experience of public police officers, the public sector loses. All _________ suggests that private policing will continue to grow, but not without problems.
Ex. 1. Study the following chart and comment on it.
Dialogue 1. An Interview
Task: read the dialogue, reproduce it a) abridged, b) in the form of a monologue.
Reporter: We’ve got information you insist the number of the police be increased. Police are mainly concerned with crimes. Do you mean there are more crimes for the moment?
Sheriff: Exactly 'cause of the considerable increase in population. Our officers are engaged in gathering information for offences to be prosecuted in courts, in questioning people suspected of crimes. And our investigation department also deals with civil wrongs. Of course there are several sub-divisions within the department. We are in bad need of more people on personnel.
R.: Do people tend to be less law-abiding?
Sh.: The population has considerably increased and consequently the number of criminal and civil offences. And we need more people to control the actions of the public during public demonstrations and assemblies. Besides we don't have enough street rangers to support law and order.
R.: People believe the mere presence of the police is a factor in deterring wrong-doers from committing offences including traffic-offences. Do you regard the work of the traffic-police satisfactory?
Sh.: Sure. They manage their duties perfectly well. Our traffic police support law and order on the roads, make decisions as to guilt in driving offences, impose fines without the involvement of a court.
R.: Public cannot obtain any information on the investigation of the action against the police officer who overused his powers while questioning suspects. How is the investigation progressing?
Sh.: You must be aware the investigation is supervised by FBI officers. It is unbiased and professional. The information presented to the public on passing the case to the court will be comprehensive for we are interested in people’s trust.
Ex. 1. How is the following expressed in the dialogue?
a group of people gathered together for a special purpose
rise in amount, numbers
an amount of money paid as a punishment
to keep watch over something
to declare firmly
any bad action
to prevent from acting
fairly large or great in amount or size
to obey laws
firm belief in the honesty, goodness, justice of someone or something
all the people employed by a company
a policeman who rides through the country areas to see that the law is kept
to establish (an additional payment) officially
having knowledge
Ex. 2. Study the dialogue and make a list of reasons why it is necessary to increase the number of the police.
Ex. 3. Translate and activate the following sentences in your speech:
Вы настаиваете на том, чтобы увеличить численность полиции.
Полицейские заняты сбором информации, допросом подозреваемых.
Существует ли тенденция к меньшему законопослушанию среди населения?
У нас не хватает патрулей для поддержания правопорядка.
Автоинспекция налагает штраф без привлечения суда.
Офицер полиции превысил свои полномочия.
Как идет следствие?
Оно – непредвзятое и профессиональное.
Информация будет всеобъемлющей.
Ex. 4. Present the information from the dialogue making use of the following verbs:
to stress, to mention, to reply, to wonder, to interview, to add, to state, to respond, to believe, to confirm, to explain, to agree.