3. The President of the usa

The executive power in the USA belongs to the President and his Administration. The Presidency in the USA is the highest governmental office. President in the USA is the head of the state and the government, and also the commander-in-chief of the US Armed Forces.

The president, as the chief formulator of public policy, often proposes legislation to Congress. The president can also veto any bill passed by Congress. As the head of his political party, with ready access to the news media, the president can easily influence public opinion. President conducts foreign affairs, signs documents, and appoints diplomats, Cabinet Members, federal judges with the consent and advice of the Senate. He outlines the course of his administration through Congress.

An extensive advisory system serves the president. The President's cabinet also serves as a source of information and advice. It consists of the heads of the governmental departments and a few other officials, such as the director of the Central Intelligence Agency and the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations (UN).

Presidential elections are held every leap year on first Tuesday after first Monday in November. He is elected for a four-year term. Inauguration of the President always takes place on the 20th of January. It is an official act of installing the President of the USA to his office. Inauguration is connected with some traditions. Thus the incumbent President gives dinner on the eve in honour of the President elected and conducts him through the White House. By 12 o'clock of the 2nd of January two participants of the ceremony and guests take their places in front of the Capitol. The central point of the ceremony is the taking of an oath by the President and the delivering of his Inaugural speech; it is regarded as a declaration of principles, proclaimed by the new administration. The ceremony ends in a military parade.

4. The usa Congress at work

Congress, the legislative branch of the government, is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Because legislation only becomes law if both houses agree, compromise between them is necessary. In the House of Representatives the presiding officer is the Speaker who is elected by the members and is always a member of the majority party in the House. The Speaker is now first in the line to become the President in case of the death of both President and Vice-President. Although the name is taken from British English the character of the post is not the same. The House of Commons chooses a Speaker only as a presiding officer to conduct debates. Once a man becomes a Speaker, he is usually reappointed to his office in each new Parliament, until he wishes to retire. When he does retire he goes to the House of Lords. In the US Congress the Speaker plays a very important role in party politics. The decision on some of the most important issues may (therefore) depend on who is chosen by the Speaker to participate in the Congressional Committees. The Speaker also decides who is to speak from the floor.

Congress makes all the laws, decides upon taxes and how money is spent. It also regulates commerce among the states and with foreign countries. The main work of the Congress is done in Committees. Special committees hold hearings on different issues some of them open and others secret, depending on the subject matter.

Many people imagine that most of the work of the Congress is actually done on the House of Representatives or Senate floors. Tourists who watch the Senate from galleries are usually surprised at the scene on the floor. When someone is making a speech, most of the members who are present are reading or walking about, talking with one another, a few are listening to the Speaker, sometimes agreeing with him, but more often not.