17. Translate these sentences into English. Find suitable sentences in the text

1.В том случае, когда присутствует квадратная плита, нагрузка распределяется равномерно.

2.Считается, что поддерживаемые короткие стороны выдерживают нагрузку треугольных частей А и В.

3.Квадратная плита, поддерживаемая по всем сторонам, в два раза прочнее, чем такая же плита, поддерживаемая только по двум противоположным сторонам.

4.Каркас следует спроектировать по ширине и по длине в том случае, когда присутствуют плиты, чья длина в два раза короче ширины.

18. Choose correct answers to following questions. Add some more information

1. What happens if slabs are supported or fixed at two opposite sides only?

a) the bending moment increases in comparison with the same position of beams;

b) they crack;

c) the bending moment is the same as for supported or fixed beams.

2. What happens if slabs are supported or fixed at four sides?

a)The bending moment decreases in comparison with a beam of the same span;

b) The bending moment increases in comparison with a beam of the less span;

c) The bending moment is similar.

3. What are differences between a square slab supported on four sider and the same slab supported on two opposite sides only?

a)Strength is similar;

b) Strength of the first slab is twice stronger;

c) Strength of the first slab is twice poor.

4.What does ratio depend upon?

a) It depends upon the angle;

b)It depends upon the width;

c)It depends upon the length.

5.What happens when the length exceeds twice the width?

1. The end supports are too slight;

2. Strength of ends increase ;

3. strength of sides decrease.

6. What are differences in fractures between a square slab and a rectangular slab?

a) In a square slab fractures make angle twice more than 45 degrees;

b)In a rectangular slab the lines of fracture make a smaller angle within the ends;

c)In both slabs fractures make similar angles with the sides.

7. In what case the bending moment equates with the moment of resistance?

a)When length of slabs is less twice than their width;

b) When slabs are square;

c) When width of slabs is less twice than their length.

19. Work for a group of 3-4 students:

Look and read:

Assembly sequence of a prefabricated building

The sequence is divided into four stages or phases:

Phase 1

Ground is excavated.

Concrete foundations are constructed.

Column base plates are fixed.

Steel columns are erected

Event1, Initially the ground is excavated.

Event 2 Then, the concrete foundations are constructed.

Event 3 Subsequently the column base plates are fixed.

Event 4 Finally, the steel columns are erected.

Now look at the drawings of the next three stages and make state­ments about the sequence of events in phases 2, 3 and 4.

Phase 2

Roof decking is put in place.

Upper floor steel columns are erected.

Concrete floor slabs are put in place.

Beams and bracing are fixed.

Phase 3

Weatherproof roof membrane is laid.

Balustrade fixing plates are fixed.

Comer units are erected.

Horizontal cladding panels are fixed.

Vertical cladding panels are fixed.

Phase 4

Suspended ceilings are fixed.

Partitions are erected.

Services are installed in the ceiling void.

Floor finishes are laid.

Building is decorated.