2.3 Accounting for reserves.

Accounting of inventory enterprises organized in accordance with IFRS - 2 "Inventories" - are assets : held for sale in the ordinary course of business ; in the manufacturing process for such sale ; or in the form of raw material or materials intended for use in the manufacturing process or in the provision of services.

Inventories - are assets in the form of :

- stocks of raw materials, semi-finished and purchased components ( parts ) , fuel , containers and packaging materials , spare parts and other materials intended for use in the production or performance of works and services;

- work in progress ;

- finished goods , goods intended for sale in the activities of the entity .

Functional role and purpose in the production process, all stocks are divided into major and minor .Main - are materials that come in real manufactured products , forming its material basis (flour for baking bread ) .

Auxiliary - are materials that are part of the product being produced , but in contrast to the basic material , bases do not produce real products. These materials are used as components of the basic materials needed to make the product qualities ( paint, varnish, glue ) .

For each account entities can open the required amount of sub-accounts and analytical accounts of the materials.

Inventories are valued at the lower assessment of their cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is used when the production cost can not be recovered because : data inventories are damaged , or they are partially or completely outdated, or their selling price has decreased.

Raw materials, semi-finished products purchased , fuel, spare parts and other inventories in the balance sheet are shown on their actual cost . For the same values ​​into account in evaluating synthetic accounting; in analytical accounting - Solid accounting prices ( contractual or planned settlement prices )

Trade discounts , refund of overpaid tariffs and other similar amendments deducted from MAT.

All operations involving the movement of inventory , make out documents that are written in a minimum number of copies. Incoming documents (invoices , payment requests , orders , waybills ) associated with obtaining inventories are transmitted to the purchasing department or accounts ( small enterprises ) for verification and acceptance ( coupon payment). Here they are recorded in the Journal of Accounting incoming shipments (form number M-1) , which is designed to control the flow and prihodovaniem stocks , as well as for operational control over the terms of payment of bills or refusal of acceptance .

To integrate the movement of materials , the following types of documents.

Power of Attorney (Form number M-2 or f . № M- 2a). Applied for registration of rights officer to act as a trusted entity in the preparation of inventories .

Journal of issued attorney (Form number M-3 ) . Applied for registration of powers of attorney issued and released on receipt

Credit slip (form number M-4 ) . Used for inventory arriving on subjects from suppliers or processing.

The act of acceptance of materials (Form number M-7 ) . Applied for registration of acceptance of stocks with quantitative and qualitative discrepancy with the data providers supporting documents ; shall also be prepared for acceptance of inputs without documents.

The act of acceptance of materials in two copies of the selection committee with mandatory participation financially responsible person and a representative of the sender (supplier) or disinterested representative organization.

 Invoice - demand rental ( internal displacement ) materials (Form M- number ! 5a). Applied to account for the stock movement within the subject and leave their farms enterprises located outside its territory , as well as outside organizations

Act posting of the material values ​​obtained during the development and dismantling of buildings and structures (form number M-35 ) - used for registration will be received inventory obtained in the development and dismantling of buildings and structures , suitable for use in the production of works . Act made ​​in triplicate by a commission consisting of representatives of the customer and the contractor. The first and second copies remain with the customer, the third - the contractor. Customer , in turn , the first copy of the Act applies to the presented invoice for payment to the contractor .

Allowance for inventories in warehouses are financially responsible person or , with their consent, fieldworkers (operators ) in the cards excluding materials (Form number M-17) . For each stock item number opens a separate card that of accounting for stock transferred in the form of half-filled .

At the end of the month to the warehouse of the accounting books of account balances transmit material which warehouseman carries remnants of card materials accounting . After that, the book is returned to the accounting department for taksirovki and counting totals accounting groups inventories and in the whole book. Thus, the functions storekeeper accounting inventories are reduced to doing cards , participate in the preparation of inventories delivery of documents and records in the book balances of inventory control .

Accounting for reserves in the accounting lead to operational and accounting (cash ) method , in which bridges the gap between operational and accounting values, eliminated duplication of quantifying in warehouses and accounting. Accounting is based on the operational accounting and organically connected with it ; it is possible to reconcile the operational accounting of stock and accounting, and hence the elimination of errors in the reporting month ; application of accounting prices eliminates the laborious task of determining the average monthly cost of inventory ; provides timely information on balances in warehouses. This facilitates the inventory and increases the operational accounting functions ; expands the possibility of using computer technology to process documentation and accounting records ; eliminated the backlog analytical inventory of synthetic .

In determining the value released in the production of materials can be used assessment methods recommended by the SBU 7 , "Accounting for inventories " and IAS 2 "Inventories"