Part II unit 8

Grammar: 1. Participle (PI, PII)

2. Absolute Participle Construction

3. Noun as an attribute

Texts: 1. Isaac Newton

2. Work and Energy

Section 1

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

І. Form Participle I (Indefinite, Active) from these verbs and translate them into Ukrainian:

to develop, to measure, to involve, to build, to grow, to bring, to follow, to move, to obtain, to contain, to produce, to exert, to include, to use, to offer, to happen, to carry, to tell, to make, to radiate, to keep, to divide.

ІІ. Form Participle II from these words and translate them into Ukrainian:

to return, to write, to divide, to measure, to exert, to install, to change, to add, to throw, to consider, to burn, to maintain, to decide, to leave, to achieve, to develop, to equip, to give, to do, to receive, to return, to speak.

ІІІ. Read and translate into Ukrainian these word combinations, paying attention to participles [ a) - PI, b) - PII):

a) the engineer carrying out the research; the young man entering the Institute; the student studying foreign languages; the plan containing many details; the student attending all the lectures; the workers building a new house; the student measuring this quantity; the engineer using a new method; the car developing a great speed; the plant producing machinery; the growing population of the country;

b) using new' methods; constructing new machines; achieving good results; dividing the apple into three parts; discovering new phenomena; using new equipment; refusing to give an explanation; receiving important information; designing new equi pment; graduating from the Institute, exerting a force; acting upon a body;

c) having carried out the experiment; having obtained good results; having graduated from the University; having translated the text; having calculated the distance; having introduced new methods of work; having divided the whole into five parts; having installed a new equipment; having passed all the examinations;

d) the measured distance; the achieved results; the information obtained recently; the boy saved by his dog; the lecture delivered by a well-known professor; the research made in the laboratory; the letter sent to the firm; the force exerted upon a body; the vibrations detected by the ear; the distance travelled by the body; the law predicted by this scientist; the electrons radiated from the atom.

IV. Define the function of the Absolute Participle Construction, paying attention to the position of the complex in the sentence (at the beginning or at the end of the sentence). You must remember, that Participle I (V-ing) may be omitted. Translate these sentences according to the patterns:

Pattern 1. The data being accurate, you may rely on it — Оскільки ці дані точні, ви можете на них покластися.

Pattern 2. Water can be decomposed by means of an electric current, the process being known as electrolysis — Воду можна розкласти за допомогою електричного струму, і (причому) цей процес відомий як електроліз.

1.The experiment having been completed, he could proceed to the theoretical part of his investigation. 2.The data being accurate, you may rely on it. 3. The laboratory being provided with necessary instruments, they could carry out the work successfully. 4. We must find this article, the subject presented in it being closely connected with our work. 5. With automobiles widely used in our everyday life, velocity is a concept obtained in childhood. 6. The Moon having no atmosphere, its surface experiences great extremes of temperature. 7. All other conditions being equal, the velocity is dependent upon temperature. 8. Radioactivity having been discovered, it became evident that the internal heat of the earth may have been increased throughout geological time. 9. Hydrogen consists of discrete particles, called molecules, each one made up of two hydrogen atoms. 10. Electronic computers use binary numerals, 1 being represented by an electric circuit with the switch ON and 0 being represented with the switch OFF. 11. With the temperature changing constantly, we could not make precise measurements. 14. Every measurement can be named in many ways, the most convenient name being chosen in every time. 15. The theorem having been stated, the students could begin solving it.