Unit 1

Phonetics: 1. English alphabet

2. Four types of reading English vowels

3. Phonetic drills

Grammar: 1. Verbs to be, to have

2. Construction there + to be

3. The Indefinite Tenses, Active Voice

4. General Questions

Texts: 1. I am a student

2. What is physics and why to study it

Section 1

1. Англійський алфавіт та знаки транскрипції

друковані	писані	читання	друковані	писані	читання
Aa	Аа	[ei]	Nn	Nn	[en]
Bb	Вв	[bi:]	Oo	Oo	[ou]
Cc	Cc	[si]	Pp	Pp	[pi]
Dd	Dd	[di:]	Qq	Qq	[kju]
Ee	Ее	[il	Rr	Rr	[a]
Ff	Ff	[ef]	Ss	Ss	[es]
Gg	Gg	[dʒi:]	Tt	Tt	[ti:]
Hh	Hh	[eitj]	Uu	Uu	[ju:]
Ii	Ii	[ail	Vv	Vv	[vi:]
Jj	Jj	[dʒei]	Ww	Ww	['dxblju:]
Kk	Kk	[kei]	Xx	Xx	[eks]
LI	Ll	[el]	Yy	Yy	[wai]
Mm	Mm	[em]	Zz	Zz	[zed]

2. Чотири типи читання голосних a, e, I,o,u,y

	Відкритий наголошений склад	Закритий наголошений склад	Голосна + r ar	Голосна + r + голосна are
Aa	[ei] take, pane	[ae] hat, map	[a:] car, bar	[ɛa]care, fare
Ee	[i:] Pete, eve	[e] pet, desk		ere [ai] mere, here aле: where, there
Ii, Yy	[ju:] pupil, tube; перед ld, nd: wild, bind; на кінці слова: lady, baby	pin, wit [i] system	i r bird y r — [ə:] Byrd	ire [ai] fire, tired
Uu	[ju:] pupil, tube У відкритому складі після l, r, j: brute, crude	[u] put, push, [ᴧ] but, bus [dʒ] procedure	ur fur, turn	ure [ju: ə] pure, cure [tʃə]- culture,
Oo	[ou]note, bone; перед ld: cold перед приголосною + le: noble	[o] hot, pot,	or [a:] nor, port, corn	ore [ɔ:] pore, bore, more

PHONETIC DRILLS

1. Повторіть за диктором слова із вказаними звуками, поясніть, за якими правилами читаються букви A, E, I, Y, O, U

[ei] — stage, shape, bade, glade, cable, late, wage, race, page

[ᴂ] — at, catch, sham, map, hand, pan, bat, rattle, cat, battle

[i:] —me, mete, eve, scene, theme, she, Steve, be, these,

[e] — met, bent, fetch, chess, cent, scent, sent, fence, led

[ai] — pine, kite, bite, cycle, kind, find, ice, mice, idle, child

[i] — pit, kid, Gipsy, dinner, marry, window, ink, dis­trict, baby

[ou] — note, bone, cold, so, dole, smoke, noble, globe, code, alone

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[ ɔ ] — rod, cross, mock, block, dodge, bottle, bold, log, hot

[ju] — student, mule, huge, dune, use, tune, due, duel

[ᴧ] — cup, shut, bus, thus, tub, plus, cut

[u:] — blue, clue, rule, brute, flute, crude

2. Прочитайте контрольну вправу

shame, theme, prime, cattle, wet, dive, spend, sent, cent, scent, at, snatch, china, stable, edge, fate, else, swim, hidden, able, mete, mate, mute, mote, wet, vane, fine, find, will, wild, frame, risk, rise, west, wise, them, theme, mystic, cripple, sat, saddle, tune, old, tone, brute, lock, cold, norm, first, burst, thirst, turn, drunk, drank, spur, noble, norm, nerve, serve, true, witty, duty, change, here, mere, pure, cure, core, bore, dor­mitory, change.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

I. Put these sentences into the Present and Past Indefinite, adding corresponding adverbial modifiers of time.

Pattern: I study at the University.

My brother studied at the University 5 years ago.

Ann will study at the college next year.

1. We are at the lesson now. 2. I am free in the evening.3. Peter is at the library. 4. The new film is long. 5. They are good students. 6. Ann lives in Kyiv. 6. The students work in the laboratory. 7. My friend likes to read English books. 8. The expe­dition is in the Crimea. 9. The instruments are on the shelf. 10. The register is on the table. 11. I have many books. 12. Jane has her English in the morning.

II. Give affirmative or negative answers to these questions, supplying them with your own judgements . Work in pairs.

Pattern: — Are you glad to be a student?

—Yes, I am. It was my dream, and at last it came true.

1. Are you busy in the evening? 2. Is it winter now? 2. Have you many friends at the University? 3. Were you at the cinema yesterday? 4. Do you like to read? 5. Were you free yesterday? 6. Will you be in town on Sunday? 7. Is physics difficult? 8. Is your house in the centre of the city? 9. Is it hot today? 10. Is Septem­ber a spring month?

III. Say these sentences in the Present and Past Indefinite, adding necessary adverbial modifiers of time:

Pattern: 1st student: — There are many flowers in the vase [va:z].

2nd student: — But there were no flowers there yesterday.

3rd student: — I hope there will be some flow­ers there tomorrow too.

1. There are many theatres in our town. 2. There are no interesting films on at our cinemas now. 3. There is a beautiful park near our institute. 4. There is a letter for me on the table. 5. There is a new stadium in our town. 6. Is there much work to do at home? 7. Are there interesting tests in this book? 8. There are many instruments in our laboratory. 9. There are many professors at our University. 10. There is a physics laboratory at our faculty.

IV. Put the verbs given in brackets in the corresponding tense form. Pay attention to the person (first, second, third) and the number (singular - однина, plural - множина) of the noun, which is connect­ed with the given verb.

1. Peter (to study) at the University. 2. He usually (to walk) home after lessons. 3. Where (to work) your parents? 4. You often (to speak English in class? 5. They usually (to go) to the theatre on Sundays. 6. Who often (to discuss) plans with these engineers? 7. How well they (to know) English? 8. Yesterday Nick (to send) a telegram to his friend. 9. I (to go) to the cinema tomorrow. 10. Our teacher (to explain) a new grammar rule at the nest lesson. 11. My mother (to buy) me a new dress last week. 12. What you (to do) if the weather is bad tomorrow? 13. Who you (to go) to the theatre with last night? 14. How long you (to stay) in Kyiv last month? 15. What foreign language you (to learn) next year at the University?

CONVERSATION PRACTICE

I. Read these dialogues. Make up dialogues with your groupmates using the given ones as models.

1. A.: Is that a picture or a map?

B.: It's a map.

1. Is this a map too?

2. No, it isn't.

1. Then what's this?

2. This is a book.

1. Where is the book?

2. It's on the table.

2. A.: Are those pens or pencils?

B.: Those are pencils.

1. Are they in the bag?

2. No, they aren't in the bag.

1. Then where are they?

2. They are on the table.

3. A.: What are these?

B.: These are my shoes.

1. Are they new?

1. Yes, they are.

1. They are nice.

1. Thank you.

II. Learn the poem THIS IS THE KEY OF THE KINGDOM by heart. You should remember the words in the following order:

kingdom - королівство house - будинок

city - місто room - кімната

town - містечко bed - ліжко

street - вулиця basket - кошик

lane – вузька вуличка flowers - квіти

yard - двір

This is the key of the kingdom.

In the kingdom there is a city,

In the city there is the town,

In the town there is a street,

In the street there is a lane,

In the lane there is the house,

In the house there is the room,

In the room there is the bed,

On the bed there is the basket,

In the basket there are some flowers,

Flowers in the basket, basket on the bed.

Bed in the room,

Room in the house,

House in the lane,

Lane in the street,

Street in the town,

Town in the city,

City in the kingdom,

This is the key of the kingdom.