4.Понятие франшизы. Обязанности сторон. Преимущества и недостатки данного бизнеса для обеих сторон.

Franchising – business system in which a company (franchisor) sells an individual (franchisee) the right to operate a business using the franchisors established system or format.

Franchisee:

• _pays franchise fee (or front end fee) – to buy the license

• _pays royalty (or management services fee) for continuing advice and assistance (calculated as a percentage of annual turnover)

• _pays advertising fee to contribute to franchisors annual advertising and marketing costs

• _{finds necessary capital} to open the business

• _{buys products from particular supplier} appointed by franchisor

• _{complies with/conforms to standards} (quality of the products)

• _{recruits and manages personal}

• _{provides annual reports on sales}

Franchisor:

• _{provides operation manual (information for franchisee to run his business)}

• _{provides equipment}

• _{promotes the business through national advertising}

• _{chooses supplier}

• _{controls the way franchisee manages his business}

• _{may appoint} master franchisee (to supervise the business in particular area)

Benefits

1. Franchisee:

• _{safe bet, reduced risk} (you will not fail, you are investing in a business that’s already operating in other places)

• _{quick access} (iа advice needed)

2. Franchisor:

• _{expands business without making investments}

• _{no need to recruit personnel}

Problems for franchisee:

• _{not free in activity}

• _{huge financial responsibility, much capital required, pay back at least 7-10 years. If you need more money the f}ranchisor won’t offer you any cash. He will literally just take the franchise from you when you lost much money.

• _{staff may let you down, you are the one who has to step in, maybe work in the kitchen}…

• _{flexibility and willingness to work hard are necessary}

Secrets of successful franchise:

• _{you need to have} much dedication to the job.

• _preparation - the most important part - in this business you need to be looking at the future

• _staffing is the main problem. You have to find the right people who will enjoy their not a high-paying job.

• _{be patient and enjoy the daily success of the business}

You need to be sure that you are constantly matching 2 issues:

• _{your bills will remain pretty constant}

• _{you have a long- term vision (no immediate payback)}

5.Основные этапы коммерческой операции. Платежные документы международной торговли. Способы осуществления платежей.

Business documentation

Тrading documents are headed with name оf organization and differ in style.

1)Buyer —> Seller - Letter of enquiry

• _{sent to several suppliers before goods are ordered}

• _{requires information before deciding who to buy from} (prices, sреcificаtiоns, catalogues/price lists, delivery dates, discounts, details оf carriage)

2) Seller —> Buyer sends Quotation, price list and catalogue The purchasing officer will receive several quotations + information from potential suppliers.

3)Buyer —> seller, sends an order (+dеtails such as prices and delivery)

Upon receipt of the official order the seller will check the details on it. Acknowledgement of order is sent to indicate that the details on the order can be met.

4)Seller —> buyer:

• _{advice note} (note to buyer with details of goods that they are being sent)

• _{delivery note} (document confirming that goods have been delivered)

• _invoice (document with details of goods, price, payment date)