12.Структура компании (история создания, основные направления деятельности, производственные мощности, основы успешной деятельности (Philips Group/ Colgate-Palmolive/Procter &Gamble).

Philips Group

History:

• _{1891 Gerard Philips established a company in the Netherlands, to manufacture} light bulbs and other electrical products

• _{Started with} carbon-filament lamps and by the turn of the century was one of the largest producers in Europe

• _{1914 established a research laboratory to stimulate product innovation}

• _{1920 decision to protect innovations in X-ray radiation and radio reception with patents}

• _{1938 developed an idea of compact disc}

Company:

• Headquarters in Eindhoven

• Over 250 thousands employees

• Sales and service outlets in 150 countries

• Research laboratories in 6 countries staffed by some 3000 scientists

• Global network of some 400 designers spread over 25 locations

• Shares are listed on 16 stock exchanges in 9 countries and active in about 100 businesses

• Each day its factories turn out a total of 50 million integrated circuits

Structure:

• President

• Board of management (in charge of company strategy and general policy)

• Supervisory board group management committee (responsible for the general course of business, makes sure policy is implemented and advices the board of management)

• Corporate departments (finance: accounting and control, information technology, human resource management, legal affairs, communication and public relations)

Keys to success:

• The company creed is “Let’s make things better”

• Making better products and systems, contributing to improving the quality of people’s work and life

• Lit the famous world landmarks: Eiffel Tower, London’s Tower Bridge, ancient pyramids of Giza

Colgate-Palmolive

History:

• _{William Colgate founded the Colgate Company in 1806 as a} starch, soap and candle business in New York City

• _{For the first 100 years business was held only in US}

• _{In the early 1900}’s aggressive expansion program that led to the establishment of Colgate operations in countries throughout Europe, Latin America and the Far East

• _{In more recent years it set up operations in Turkey, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Eastern Europe and China}

• _{Bought the Ora} Pharm. Company of Australia and the dental therapeutics business of Scherer Laboratories USA in 1990

Company:

• Selling in more than 200 countries

• 5 main sectors of business: Oral Care, Body Care, Household Surface Care, Fabric care and Pet Nutrition, Health Care

• World leader in toothpaste

• Heavy investment in research and technology developed many successful toothpastes, rinses and toothbrushes

Keys to success:

• Strong dental education programme in schools throughout the world

• Close partnership with international dental community

• Created a web site for dental professionals

• Great progress in the use of recyclable bottles and packaging materials

Procter & Gamble

History:

• _{William Procter and James Gamble formed their partnership in 1837}

• _{To raise capital for expansion, the partners set up a corporate structure in 1890}

• _{1995 creation of individual operating divisions to better manage their growing line of products}

• _{John E. Pepper leaded the company since 1995}

Company:

• _{1995 company expand to 4 regions: North America, Latin America, Asia and Europe/Middle East/Africa}

• _{1879 Ivory soap}

• _{1946 Tide, strategy of the rapid growth into new product line as well as new markets around the world}

• _{Commitment to innovation in technology helps Tide to remain their single largest brand over the years}

• _{1961 product that has the greatest impact = Pampers}

• _{Aggressive expansion policy led to 10$ billion in 1980}

• _{1998 37$ billions}