1. New words. Прочитайте новые слова, используйте их при переводе текста.
distance – расстояние
to bordered by – граничить с
severe – суровый
sandy winds – песчаные ветры
to be found – находиться
to be mined – добываться
developed – развитый
2. Read and translate the text (Прочитайте и переведите текст):
I live in Kazakhstan. It is my native country. Kazakhstan lies in Asia. It occupies the territory of 2720000 km2. The distance from west to east is 3000 km. Kazakhstan is bordered by China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan.
In Kazakhstan we can find mountains, lowlands and highlands. There are many lakes in Kazakhstan. They are the Caspian and the Aral seas, the Balkhash. The longest rivers are the Irtysh, the Ishim, the Tobol and others.
The climate in our republic is very severe. We have the steppe climate. Winters are very cold and summers are very hot. In winter there is much snow and in summer sandy winds blow.
Kazakhstan is rich in natural resources. Oil and gas are found in the north-western parts of Kazakhstan. Coal is mined in the areas near Karaganda and Ekibastuz. Kazakhstan has a developed light industry and chemical industry.
Kazakhstan is divided into 14 regions. The main towns are Astana, Almaty, Karaganda, Shymkent, Semey, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Taraz, Kostanai, Pavlodar, Atyrau, Aktau, Aktobe and some others. Astana is the capital of Kazakhstan.
In Kazakhstan live people of more than 100 nationalities. The population of Kazakhstan is about 16 million people.
3. Answer the questions.
1. What is the total area of Kazakhstan?
2. What is the population of Kazakhstan?
3. What is the capital of Kazakhstan?
4. What climate does Kazakhstan have?
5. What is natural resources rich in?
6. What are the main industries in the country?
7. What rivers can you call?
8. What are the big cities in Kazakhstan
Lesson 29
Grammar theme: The Third Conditional Sentences
Условные предложения III типа выражают условия, нереализованные в прошлом, а поэтому совершенно невыполнимые:
If I had had time yesterday, I should have gone to the concert, but I was busy. Если бы у меня вчера было время, я бы сходил на концерт, но я был занят.
В условных предложениях III типа в придаточном предложении употребляется Past Perfect, а в главном предложении – сочетание should (would) с Perfect Infinitive (have V3)
If he had seen you yesterday, he would have told you about the meeting. Если бы он увидел тебя вчера, он бы сказал о собрании.
If it hadn’t rained last Sunday, we should have gone to the country. Если бы в прошлое воскресенье не шел дождь, мы бы поехали в деревню.
Exercises:
1 Заполните предложение, употребляя глагол в скобках
If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) _______________________________you.
If I _________________________(know) that you were coming I'd have baked a cake.
If you ______________________________(arrive) ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat.
You would have seen my garden at its best if you ___________________________(be) here last week.
I wouldn't have believed it if I ___________________________(not see) it with my own eyes.
I _________________________(offer) to help him if I had realized that he was ill.
If I ________________________(realise) what a bad driver you were I wouldn't have come with you.
If I had realised that the traffic lights were red I _____________________________(stop).
The hens ___________________________________(not get) into the house if you had shut the door.
If he had known that the river was dangerous lie ______________________(not try) to swim across it.
Lexical theme: “The Republic of Kazakhstan: political system”