6. Conclusion and Further suggestions

1. Conclusion.

In this case, it is possible to admit, that during the study the hypothesis of this work found the support: widespread of the Internet as a new medium, conducting of election and political campaigns on the Internet and creating an Internet-based "electronic government” in Russia find the support among the population and then could increase the level of political culture and activity as the result. Option “on the Internet” was the most popular in answers on three research questions. At the same time, most of respondents think, that the Internet could improve the work of the government. As well, it was possible to see that newspapers are more reliable source of information for Russian future middle class, than television. Probably, it could be explained by the specific of media market of Russian Federation, were television channels having more direct and strict control from the government. Only 3,4% respondents in average didn’t interested in politics, that show a high level of political activity and political culture among the young people of Russian society, that in several years will be the “middle class”. High level of political activity and political culture of citizens would support the process of implementation of effective political communication on the Internet. Middle percentage of respondents, who preferred face to face communication - 572 (42,7%) and low percentage of respondents, who preferred “other variant” option - 43 (3,2%) compering with respondents, who preferred to solve their problems on the Internet - 725 (54,1%) showed process of reduction of trust to office-holder of local and state authorities among the youth of Russian society. On March 4, 2012 presidential elections took place in Russia. For the first time in many years, all the presidential candidates, except Prime Minister Vladimir Putin participated in these debates (Сотниченко, 2012). This survey took place in March, 2012, right after the elections. Nevertheless, according to the results, only 61 respondents (4,6%) preferred to receive this information from the television compared with 721 respondents (53,8%) who preferred to receive this information from the Internet. Probably, all mentioned above factors could be good reasons for officials to change and improve the mechanism of political communication with population.

2. Further suggestions.

First of all, the analysis of the methodological foundations of modern political communication research on the Internet shows that there is considerable diversity of theoretical approaches in this field of research. The most frequently used are: different versions of functionalism, structuralism, the theory of information society, neo-Marxism, the concept of a two-stage (multi) communications, Toronto School of Communication, etc. Among the most popular theoretical approaches should be noted as most important:

• Functionalism of Norbert Wiener and David Easton;

• The theory of the information society (especially as presented by Castells);

• Neo-Marxist concept of public sphere of Jurgen Habermas.

In this case, the analysis revealed a theoretical methodological approaches limitations of the theory of mass communication in modern conditions, which is fundamentally not the same as the new tools of political communication and, in particular, with the Internet. This fact indicates that political communication on the Internet is a dynamically developing field of social sciences, which requires constant attention and re-evaluation of currently existing approaches.

Secondly, the Internet is one of the most promising areas of political communication in modern society, both as a means of ensuring the political process, and as a tool to create "electronic government". Determining the success of the Internet as a tool of political communication features such basic characteristics of Internet as accessibility, interactivity, high speed data transmission, the possibility of non-linear search and store information. On the other hand, the Internet as a tool of communication has negative features (weak reliability of the information, anonymity, malicious misrepresentation), which also seriously affected the theory and practice of political communication in the network. Of course, the political practice of recent years shows a tendency of “e – government “implementation by governments in different countries. The practice of this nature should be promptly evaluated by the scientific community in terms of the effectiveness of its implementation. Moreover, the cooperation of state authorities and the scientific community to develop concepts and forms of “e-government” can lead to positive results.

Thirdly, prospects for introduction of electronic government in Russia look very foggy. Despite the significant deficiencies listed in the text of the work, it should be noted the high level of public expectations about the implementation of “e-government” in Russia. This fact can serve as a catalyst, as well as delaying factor in this kind of reforms. Considering this fact, the study of public opinion must be made ​​at each stage of implementation of the Internet communications.

Finally, this study highlighted aspects of citizen’s willingness to conduct political communication on the Internet. The willingness of the government officials was described in Chapter 4. In this case, further researches are needed in order to find out the objective reasons for low percentage of the Internet audience, using gosuslugi.ru service. Probably, the best time for that will be a period after implementation of eWeb2.0 technologies in Russia.

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