- •Translation of phraseological expressions
- •References:
- •I. The notion of phraseological units.
- •II. The main factors influencing the reproduction of phraseological expressions.
- •III. The ways of faithful reproduction of phraseological expressions.
- •Translation by way of absolute equivalents
- •Phraseological expressions originating from Greek mythology:
- •2. Phraseological expressions originating from ancient history or literature:
- •3. Phraseological expressions from the Bible or based on biblical plot:
- •Near (Quasi) Equivalents
- •Translation by way of analogies a) Translating By Way Of Genuine Phraseological Analogies
- •B) Translating By Way Of Approximate Analogies
- •Ranslating by word for word reproduction
- •Reproduction by way of descriptive translation
- •1. By a single word:
Reproduction by way of descriptive translation
The lexical meaning of a considerable number of phraseological expressions can be conveyed through explanation, i.e. in a descriptive way. Depending on the volume of lexical meaning contained by the SL unit it can be conveyed in the TL as follows:
1. By a single word:
butter fingers – незграба;
out of a clear blue of the sly – зненацька, раптово;
out of breath – захеканий;
2. Undoubtedly the most frequent is the reproduction of English phraseological/ set expressions with the help of free combinations of words like:
school miss – сором”язлива, недосвідчена дівчина;
to sham Abraham – удавати з себе хворого;
to shoot Niagara – вдаватись до ризикованих дій;
3. When the lexical meaning of a phraseological/ set expression is condensed within a nationally specific structure/ form or when the SL unit contains a notion alien to the TL it is reproduced by a sentence or a longer explanation:
a smart Aleck – замозакохана, зарозуміла людина (нахаба);
a wet blanket – людина, що розхолоджує веселощі (ентузіазм) інших;
white elephant – непотрібний подарунок (те, що приносить більше турбот, ніж користі);
These were the main ways employed for the reproduction of different kinds of phraseological/ set expressions from English into Ukrainian and vice versa. Depending on the text, i.e. on its style or genre some modifications of the above-mentioned kinds of translation and even new ones may be suggested. Nevertheless the aim of reproduction will always remain the same – to fully convey in the TL the lexical meaning and where possible – the structural peculiarities, the picturesqueness, the expressiveness and the connotational meaning (if any) of the SL phraseological (idiomatic and set) stable expressions.