9. Vocabulary

10. Written translation

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1. Whenever anyone claims talks as the "most important in 30 years", you can bet your bottom dollar that they will produce little. Indeed, half the objective of diplomacy – more than half, many would say – is to prevent talks between leaders leading to friction rather than producing results. So no doubt it will be with the state visit of China's President to the US this week. There's plenty of room for discord. Of that there is no doubt. The US sees China as pursuing a deeply self-centered policy of economic growth and resource acquisition that is damaging to US economic interests and its position in the world. The Chinese equally see the US as locked into a view of themselves as the sole hyperpower that won't accommodate China's own rightful status as the rising superpower. Most public are the tensions over protectionism and China's manipulation of its currency. Most serious is the arms race developing between the two countries, as Beijing rushes to develop the technology and the arms to challenge America's role as the big boy on the Asian bloc. Internal politics drives external politics far more than ideology or any strategic view.

2.The fear always on these occasions is that it is precisely domestic pressures which force a sudden public spat. Pursued by the accusation that he is soft on America's enemies, Obama may feel impelled to show his macho credentials on currency or China's record on human rights. Conscious of his need to show that the US is treating China as an equal not a junior, Mr Hu may equally need to respond to any criticism in kind. America's weakness at the moment is that Iraq and Afghanistan have undermined its force as a military power whilst the financial crisis has upset its reputation for commercial pre-eminence. China's weakness is that its economy is overheating at home while its neighbours in Asia resent, and feel powerless against, its overwhelming weight. If the US really wants to curb China's growing influence, it is more likely to be achieved through its continued technological innovation and free-market adaptability than giving more military aid to its allies in the region.

3."Plan B" for the Palestinians – to damn the peace talks and seek support for a unilateral declaration of statehood – is becoming more attractive by the minute. Russia's renewed promise of recognition, made by President of Russia during his first official visit to the West Bank on Tuesday, must strengthen the case. There's nothing to be gained for them either in declaring unilateral statehood, retorts the Israeli government. But that's not entirely true. Russia's promise comes on top of a growing number of states ready to do the same. In practical terms it may not amount to much, but in terms of Israel's growing isolation in the world it is not of negligible import. The weakness of the Palestinian case remains its own divisions between Gaza and the West Bank. But even that could be changing. Events in Tunisia may or may not lead to real political change there (violent overthrows tend to lead to worse not better regimes) but they are certainly influencing the Arab world around. A change of policy, or even regime, in Egypt would change the position in Gaza dramatically, while a Palestinian Authority pursuit of unilateral statehood might also lead Hamas back to unity.