26.02.14

Дом. завд.:

усно вивчити слова з впр.1; чит. і перекл. The anatomy of a shoe, Text A; пис. впр.8; буде аудіювання.

Unit 3 The anatomy of a shoe Text a

1. Read and remember the following words:

1. upper – верх взуття

2. bottom – низ взуття

3. vamp – союзка

4. superior aspect – верхня частина (сторона)

5. quarter – берець

6. toe box – носочна частина

7. throat – виріз союзки

8. outsole – підметка

9. shank – геленок, супинатор

10. heel – каблук

11. sole – підошва

12. moulded – сформований, вулканізований в формі

13. toe puff – підносок

14. digits – пальці

15. collar – м’яка вставка

16. stiffener – задник

17. rearfoot – задня частина стопи

18. toecap – носок

19. forefoot – передня частина стопи

20. last - колодка

21. lining – підкладка

22. insole –устілка

23. insock – окрема устілка

24. eye stay – підблочник

25. padded – підбитий

26. reinforced – підсилений, укріплений

27. retain – зберігати

28. enhance – підсилювати

2. Read and translate the following text:

The anatomy of a shoe

The structure of a shoe can be divided into two parts: an upper and bottom part. Sections of the upper are made up of a vamp, quarter, toe box, throat, insole board, and topline. The sections of the lower shoe consist of an outsole, shank and heel.

The upper of a shoe consists of all parts or sections of a shoe above the sole. These are attached by stitches or more likely moulded to become a single unit.

Vamp, or upper

Any shoe has an upper part that helps to hold a shoe on the foot and called a vamp or simply an upper. In the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip-lops, this may be nothing more than a few straps for holding a sole in place. Closed footwear, such as boots and most men’s shoes, will have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is made in a certain style to look attractive. A vamp is the part of the upper that covers the front of the foot and superior aspects over the toes. A toe puff is reinforced and serves to give the shape as well as protect the digits. The vamp is often made of more than one piece creating a decorative pattern. There are various types of vamps suited to different styles of shoes.

Quarters

Quarters are a complete upper part of a shoe behind the vamp line covering the sides and back part of the shoe. The top edge of the sides and back of the quarter describes a topline. In athletic shoes the topline is usually padded and referred to as a collar. The heel section of the quarter is frequently reinforced with a stiffener to help support the rearfoot. In boots the quarter is referred to as “top”.

Toecap

Many shoes incorporate a toecap into the upper of the shoe. Toecaps are either stitched over or completely replace the distal superior aspect of the vamp and can be made into a decorative features referred to as toe tips. A toe box refers to the roofed area over and around the part of the shoe that covers the toes. The function of the toe box is to retain the shape of the forefoot and allow room for toes. The height and width of the toe box is dictated by shape of the last used to construct the shoe.

Linings

In quality shoes quarters and vamps are lined to enhance comfort and durability. A lining may consist of various materials i.e. leathers, fabrics, and manmade synthetics. The lining on the insole segment is called “a sock” and may be full-length, three-quarter or just the heel section. Many linings are made of synthetic material and are usually confined to quarters and insocks.

Throat

A throat is the central part of the vamp. The throat is formed by the seam joining the vamp to the quarter i.e. a throat line. The position of the throat line depends on the construction of the shoe, for example a shorter vamp and longer quarters define a lower throat line. This gives a wider lower opening for a foot to enter the shoe. The throat is defined by the connection of the rear edge of the vamp and the front part of the quarter. The location of the throat will vary with the design of the shoe. Because the vamp and quarter panels are often one piece in the athletic shoe, the throat is at the eye stay. This refers to the point where the lacing is attached to the vamp.

3. Answer the questions:

1. What parts of a shoe upper do you know?

2. Where is a vamp of a shoe located?

3. What part of the quarter is frequently reinforced?

4. What materials may a lining consist of?

5. What does the position of the throat line depend on?

6. What are the parts of the boot?

4. Complete the sentences with the words from the text:

1. The upper of a shoe consists of .........

2. .........., such as boots and most men’s shoes, will have a more complex upper.

3. There are various types .............to different styles of shoes.

4. The lining on the segment is ............... or just heel section.

5. ................ edge of the upper.

5. Find the English equivalents to the words.

каблук, перед туфлі, носок, геленок, союзка, верх взуття, чоботи, шкіра, тканина.

6. Make up sentences with the terms:

quarter, vamp, toe puff, athletic shoes, topline, last, throat, lining, manmade, heel section.

7. Give definitions to the terms:

vamp, upper part, quarter, throat, shoe, footwear, lining, heel, toe.

8. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Мода впливає на моделі взуття і є дуже важливою складовою його виробництва.

2. Берці у цих спортивних туфлях виготовлені із штучної шкіри.

3. Багато людей сьогодні вважають, що перш за все взуття повинно бути зручним.

4. Вважається, що високі підбори роблять фігуру стрункішою.

5. Завдяки своїм унікальним характеристикам шкіра є найкращим матеріалом для виробництва взуття.

6. Ці чоботи виготовлені із штучної шкіри.

7. Однією з функцій взуття є доповнення костюму.