- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Practice work
- •Glossary
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme «The subject, purposes and methods of pathological physiology”.
- •Case study
- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Practical work of students
- •Questions 1. What factors affect the mouse in this experiment?
- •2. Which of these factors could be considered the leading cause of the pathologic process - hypobaric hypoxia?
- •3. How can you experimentally check your presumptions about the nature of the pathologic process?
- •Pathogenesis of High altitude disease
- •Vicious circle in pathogenesis of High altitute disease
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme «General etiology and pathogenesis. Effects of low barometric pressure on an organism”
- •Case Study Case 1. A group of tourists came under heavy rain. A day later, one of them developed pneumonia. Questions:
- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Glossary:
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme «The role of reactivity of an organism in pathology”
- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Practical work of students
- •Explain the pathogenesis of hemolysis in tubes №№ 2-5 and the absence of hemolysis in tube number 1. Glossary
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme “Cell injury”
- •Case Study
- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Practical work of students
- •I nfection, ischemia, traumas, tumors, burns, immune pathological processes, etc.
- •The significance of acute phase reactions for organism
- •Glossary
- •Types of fever on the basis of the extent of temperature elevation:
- •Types of fever on the basis of temperature fluctuation:
- •- Remittent (fluctuation 1-20c) (viral and bacterial infections, exudative pleuritis)
- •Control -test Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme “systemic organism’s response to damage. Fever”
- •Case Study
- •Control – conclusions on the cases
- •The approximate timing of class
- •Practical work of students
- •Glossary
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme “Disorders of water and electrolyte metabolism”
- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Vasoconstriction Vasodilation of brain vessels High irritability of n. Vagus
- •Non respiratory (metabolic) alkalosis
- •Compensatory mechanisms at abb disorders
- •Glossary
- •Nongaseous acidosis (metabolic, exogenous, excretory) develops when there is accumulation of acidic products (metabolic disorders, acid intake from outside, diarrhea)
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme “Acid-base disorders”
- •The approximate timing of classes
- •Practical work of students
- •Glossary
- •Control -test Office hours (2) Midterm control 1
- •The approximate timing of class
- •Practical work of students
- •Глоссарий
- •Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme “Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism”
- •The approximate timing of class
- •Case-study case 1
- •Control -test Office hours (2) Formation of practical skills on the theme “Disorders of protein and lipid metabolism”
Case study
Case № 1
Patient A., aged 45, arrived for a spa treatment with complaints of weakness and pain in the muscles of the right shin while walking. Five years ago on the basis of vascular disease (endarteritis), he developed dry gangrene of the left foot. It had been amputated. The patient was treated with warm hydrogen sulfide baths. Soon, however, the procedure had to be canceled because of development of inflammation in the veins (phlebitis). In addition, the patient was poorly tolerated to treatment: while taking baths he showed raised blood pressure and headaches . Questions: 1. Find out the disease. Define disease, select disease criteria. 2 . Find out the pathological reaction, give the definition 3 . Find out the pathological processes, give the definition 4 . Find out the pathological state, give the definition
Case 2
A child of 3 years old complained of sore throat, abdominal pain and headache. Body temperature was 38.50 C, there was a single vomiting. After 12 hours a doctor revealed rash on the cheeks the chest, back, around the underarms and elbows, enlarged hyperemic tonsils, enlarged submandibular lymph nodes. A week ago, the child had contact with sick person with scarlet fever. The doctor diagnosed scarlet fever and prescribed antibiotics. A week later the rash faded, but the affected skin begin to peel. 1. Call the stages of infectious disease , describe each stage, justify answer . Case 3
A musician (pianist) injured a finger. Inflammation developed.
Does he have a disease? Justify the answer .
THE LIST OF LITERATURE:
The basic
Lectures. Handouts
Textbook of pathology. Harsh Mohan 3rd edition, Delhi, 1998, P 3-13.
Additional
Патофизиология в схемах и таблицах: Курс лекций: Учебное пособие. Под ред. А.Н.Нурмухамбетова. – Алматы: Кітап, 2004. – С. 12-17.
Control – conclusions on the tasks
2. THEME: |
«GENERAL ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS. EFFECTS OF LOW BAROMETRIC PRESSURE ON AN ORGANISM » |
The purposes of the class:
Formation of knowledge of the main issues of the theme
Formation of skills to use the knowledge of the theoretical material for pathogenetic schemes and pathophysiological analysis of clinical cases
Formation of communicative skills for discussion of the problem
Tasks of study: • To learn the main issues of the theme • To develop the skills to use the glossary in three languages for discussion of the theoretical material • To Learn how to make pathogenetic schemes, to allocate the leading link and vicious circles • To apply the theoretical knowledge in solving of clinical cases
• To form communicative skills for discussion of the theoretical material
Questions for the theme
Etiology, definition. Role of causes and conditions in occurrence of diseases Etiotropic principle of preventive maintenance and treatment of illnesses.
Classification of etiological factors and their characteristic. Role of environmental factors and organism’s peculiarities in occurrence of illnesses.
Pathogenesis, definition. Primary lesion as an initial factor of pathogenesis. Levels of damage. Cause and effect relations in pathogenesis. The main (leading) pathogenetic factor, "vicious circles", definitions, examples.
Effects on an organism of low barometric pressure. Mountain sickness, the main symptoms, pathogenesis.
Methods of teaching
Discussion the major issues under the supervision of a teacher, discussion of video film “Modeling of mountain sickness”, pathogenetic schemes analysis
Methods of control
Oral questioning, checking conclusions of experiment, testing