13 Change these complex sentences into simple ones using the model:

Model: It is said that the eruption is often connected with chicken-pox.

The eruption is said to be often connected with chicken-pox.

1 It appears that the initial diagnosis will be affirmed by chest examination. 2 It was reported that the prodromal symptoms had appeared 10 day before. 3 It proved that administration of those drugs had produced marked effect on his health. 4 It is expected that the rash will disappear in three days. 5 It is certain that the doctor will carry out a thorough examination to achieve a correct diagnosis. 6 It is likely that this condition will aggravate the patient’s health. 7 It is well known that severe head pain may be associated with vomiting. 8 It is likely that murmurs of the heart will disappear soon. 9 I haven’t seen how nurses make intravenous injections. 10 The surgeon believed that this patient will survive abdominal operation well. 11 I didn’t expect that he would have such serious complications. 12 The doctor thinks that operative intervention is necessary. 13 Everybody knows that this complication will lead to further aggravation of the patient’s condition. 14 All consider that he is a brilliant therapeutist. 15 The patient believes that this treatment will be favorable for him.

14 Translate the following:

1 We expect further experiments to be made in cancer study. 2 The doctor declared him to be out of danger. 3 The injection of the drug caused the temperature to rise for a short time. 4 We believed the case to be fatal, but the patient recovered. 5 We know vitamin С to be quite important in cases of anaemia. 6 The doctor made the boy gargle the throat with a solution of common salt. 7 I watched him make a cut with a sharp knife through the breast bone of the frog. 8 We heard him succeed in making abdominal incisions properly. 9 I do not expect this treatment to be effective. 10 They suppose certain streptococci and diplococci to be closely connected with measles. 11 He ordered everything to be prepared for blood transfusion. 12 The doctor allowed the patient to be given nutritive food. 13 He declared the patient to be getting worse. 14 I know him to be suffering from left side pulmonary tuberculosis. 15 Everybody knows morphine to be dangerous in conditions of low metabolism. 16 The experiments are said to be very interesting. 17 Ukrainian scientists are known to work on cancer problems. 18 The methods can be expected to be used widely in medicine. 19 The malignancy was unlikely to be caused by a single and simple reaction common to all of them. 20 The scientists seem to find all of new methods in the treatment of cancer. 21 The condition of the patient was reported to be hopeless. 22 Quinine has been found to be specific against malaria. 23 The child was made to swallow a tablespoonful of cod liver oil.

15 Pick out the appropriate form of the infinitive:

1 The patient was known … stool retention accompanied by nausea a month before his present admission to the hospital.

a) to have; b) to have had;

c) to have been having; d) to be having.

2 Sensitivity to antibiotics was reported … not only in this patient but in all the other members of the family as well since their early age.

a) to be present; b) to have been present.

3 Prophylactic vaccination was found … since no cases of hepatitis were diagnosed after its administration.

a) to be effective; b) to have been effective.

4 Skin irritation was revealed … after each parenteral administration of this preparation.

a) to occur; b) to have occurred;

c) to be occurring.