Задание 2. Прочитайте вопросы и ответы, переведите: Read the answers and translate:

1.How many essays or assignments did you receive a week? А: This varies hugely between colleges and time of year etc. In first and second year between 1 and 3 essays a week for me but more in other colleges. In 3rd year one essay every other week but they take a lot more time plus your ongoing project and coursework essay work.

В:(2-3 essays, usually 800-1500 words. Or short note type questions. In the final year, you only have 8 tutorial slots available, so that means 4 each term in practice. But these are much more substantial pieces of work). 2. How many hours did you work on average a week? А: As much as you can motivate yourself to do.

В: Official contact time probably added up to 5 hours per day or so. I did about 10 hours on top of this at a guess. So 35 hours total. 3. Was there a particular time of year or term when the pressure suddenly increased or the work got a lot harder? А: Exams are in summer term in first year, before Easter in second year, summer term in 3rd year. I found I had a lot of work in the second term of second year in particular.

В: Exam-time! Term 3 of year 1, term 2 of year 2, term 3 of year 3. Plus the Big Scary Dissertation Deadline at the end of term 2 of year 3.

4. Was it difficult settling in to your college? A: It really depends what type of person you are - do you settle in most places? If so, I'm sure you'll settle into any college fine. B: No, I found the college and the people in it very welcoming indeed, and adjusted very quickly. 5. Was there a big leap in the amount of work or the difficulty of the work set from sixth form to uni.?

Yes there was but you have much more time to do the work.

Was there a big leap in the amount of work or the difficulty of the work set from sixth form to uni.? Probably a bit more work and certainly at a higher level, but it was an increase I'd been expecting and was ready, even hopeful f 6. Were you able to have a reasonable amount of social life? Yes. But not like the arts (especially English) students! Definitely - I made plenty of friends and wasn't short of time to see them.

7. Were there lots of activities or societies to suit your needs? I found it difficult personally to find a music group I liked because I came from a very high standard of wind band at home though unfortunately I was personally at the bottom end of the band. Here it tends to be the big bands which ask for very high standard and commitment which I don't think I'd have passed the auditions for, or the college groups which because they don't push the commitment have fewer attendees and rehearsals can be very short. Loads, including a lot that I'd never considered before.

8. I understand that the focus at Oxford is independent learning. However, are there people to turn to for help if you are confused or stuck on a certain topic? In the first 2 years you should see your tutors every week. The independent learning will go as far as revising what you're told in lectures and practicals and preparing for tutorials and practicals. So you find out at the practical/tutorial if you're 'right' and you can always ask your tutor/demonstrator for help. College tutors are mostly very approachable - you can also learn a lot from your peers, and from students in the years above. 9. What was the best thing about going to Oxford? I didn't go anywhere else so can't really compare or say I got something here I wouldn't have got elsewhere. You're immersed in a community of people of diverse interests who are intelligent and do interesting things - and there's always something to do. 10. What was the worst thing about going to Oxford? Exams were tougher than elsewhere in general. Failing policy can be tough in some colleges. I felt a lot of the time like I was right at the bottom of the year and if I'd just gone somewhere else I could have been higher in rankings. Also, reapplying for clinical school is an extra stress you only get at Oxbridge and I want to go to London now. I may not have got to go where I wanted (thankfully I am) so if I'd gone in the first place it would have all been much easier....or that's how I feel being here - may not be the case. I struggled with the final year, as there's a big leap from the contact-intensive style of years 1 and 2 to playing at being a proper science student, largely on your own. 11. How many lectures/ seminars/ tutorials do you have week? First two years about 10 lectures, 1 seminar, 2 tutorials a week. Third year about 3 lectures and 1 seminar a week and a tutorial every other week.

About 25 hours total, including 1-2 practicals\anatomy teaching slots per week, perhaps 2-3 tutorials usually.

Задание 3. Обсудите следующие моменты. Discuss the following points: 1. How many essays or assignments did you receive a week? 2. How many hours did you work on average a week? 3. Was there a particular time of year or term when the pressure suddenly increased or the work got a lot harder? 4. Was it difficult settling in to your college? 5. Was there a big leap in the amount of work or the difficulty of the work set from sixth form to uni.? 6. Were you able to have a reasonable amount of social life? 7. Were there lots of activities or societies to suit your needs? 8. How many lectures/ seminars/ tutorials do you have a week?

Самостоятельная работа, задание: Темы для презентаций: 1. Оксфорд, Кембридж – знаменитые университеты Великобритании 2. Крупные вузы США. 3. Студенческая жизнь в США и Великобритании.

Герундий представляет собой неличную глагольную форму, выражающую название действия и обладающую как свойствами существительного, так и свойствами глагола. В русском языке соответствующая форма отсутствует. Герундий обозначает действия, процессы, состояния и образуется прибавлением суффикса -ing к основе глагола: to read читать — reading чтение. Его функции во многом сходны с функциями инфинитива, также сочетающего свойства существительного со свойствами глагола. Герундий, однако, имеет больше свойств существительного, чем инфинитив.

ФОРМЫ ГЕРУНДИЯ

	ACTIVE	PASSIVE
INDEFINITE	asking	being asked
PERFECT	having asked	having been asked

№  п/п	СХОДСТВО ГЕРУНДИЯ С СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫМ
1	Может иметь определение, выраженное притяжательным местоимением или существительным в притяжательном или общем падеже	I know of your reading. Я знаю, что вы много читаете.
2	Может сочетаться с предлогом	I insist on your going there now. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы вы пошли туда сейчас.
3	В предложении выполняет те же функции

ФУНКЦИИ ГЕРУНДИЯ В ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИИ
№  п/п	ФУНКЦИЯ	ПРИМЕР
1	Подлежащее	Running long distances requires much training. Бег на длинные дистанции требует хорошей тренировки.
2	Именная часть составного сказуемого	My favourite form of rest is reading. Мой любимый вид отдыха — чтение.
3	Прямое дополнение	I like reading books. Я люблю читать книги.
4	Предложное дополнение	I heard of his being sent to the South. Я слышал о том, что его посылают на юг.
5	Определение (обычно с предлогами of и for)	I like his method of teaching. Мне нравится его метод преподавания.
6	Обстоятельство	After working at some plant you will know your speciality better. После того как вы поработаете на заводе, вы лучше овладеете своей специальностью.

Кроме того, герундий может входить в состав сложных существительных: reading-room читальный зал, writing-table письменный стол.

№  п/п	СХОДСТВО ГЕРУНДИЯ С ГЛАГОЛОМ
1	Имеет залог (действительный и страдательный)	I like writing letters. Я люблю писать письма. The baby likes being spoken to. Ребенок любит, когда с ним разговаривают.
2	Имеет простую и перфектную формы. Перфектный герундий, так же как и перфектный инфинитив, выражает действие, которое произошло ранее действия, выраженного сказуемым	I know of his coming to Moscow. Я знаю, что он приезжает в Москву. I know of his having come to Moscow. Я знаю, что он приехал в Москву.
3	Может иметь прямое дополнение	I like reading books. Я люблю читать книги.
4	Может определяться обстоятельством, выраженным наречием	I like walking slowly. Я люблю ходить медленно.

 

Формы герундия совпадают с формами причастий, и их образование происходит по тем же правилам, по которым образуются формы причастий.

В русском языке нет форм, соответствующих формам герундия, ввиду чего изолированно, вне предложения, они не могут быть переведены на русский язык. Indefinite Gerund Active по своему значению приближается к русскому отглагольному существительному: reading чтение, smoking курение, waiting ожидание.

ГЕРУНДИЙ В ФОРМЕ ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОГО (ACTIVE GERUND) И СТРАДАТЕЛЬНОГО (PASSIVE GERUND) ЗАЛОГА

 

Герундий может выражать действие, не относящееся к определенному лицу или предмету:

Swimming is a good exercise.

Плавание — хорошее физическое упражнение.

В большинстве случаев, однако, действие, выраженное герундием, относится к определенному лицу или предмету: