Richard r. Ernst
1. Richard Robert Ernst was bom in August 14. 1933 in Winterthur (Switzeland). He is a Swiss researcher and teacher who in 1991 won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his development of techniques for high- resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Ernst's refinements made NMR techniques a basic and indispensable tool in chemistry and also extended their usefulness to other sciences.
2. Ernst received both his B.A. in chemistry (1957) and his Ph.D. in physical chemistry (1962) from the Federal Institute of Technology in Zbrich. From 1963 to 1968 he worked as a research chemist in Palo Alto. Calif. In 1966. working with an American colleague. Ernst discovered that the sensitivity of NMR techniques (hitherto limited to analysis of only a few nuclei) could be dramatically increased by replacing the slow, sweeping radio waves traditionally used in NMR spectroscopy with short, intense pulses. His discovery enabled analysis of a great many more types of nuclei and smaller amounts of materials.
3. In 1968 he returned to Switzerland to teach at his alma mater. He was made assistant professor in 1970 and full professor in 1976. His second major contribution to the field of NMR spectroscopy was a technique that enabled a high-resolution, "two-dimensional" study of larger molecules than had previously been accessible to NMR.
4. With Ernst's refinements, scientists were able to determine the three- dimensional structure of organic and inorganic compounds and of biological macromolecules such as proteins; to study the interaction between biological molecules and other substances such as metal ions, water, and drugs; to identify- chemical species; and to study the rates of chemical reactions. Ernst was also credited with many inventions.
1. Определите, является ли утверждение:
Ernst was awarded the Nobel Prize for the invention of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
1)истинным 2)ложным
3)в тексте нет информации
2. Определите, является ли утверждение:
Ernst is an outstanding scientist in the field of physical chemistry.
1) ложным
2) в тексте нет информации 3) истинным
3. Определите, является ли утверждение:
In 1968 Ernst returned to his alma mater as a full professor.
1) в тексте нет информации
2) ложным
3) истинным
4. Определите, является ли утверждение:
Ernst also held several patents in the field of his investigations.
1) истинным 2) ложным
3) в тексте нет информации
5. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques are widely used in chemistry and other sciences.
1) 1
2) 2 3) 4
4) 3
6. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Ernst got two post-graduate degrees.
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1
7. Ответьте на вопрос:
What was Ernst's contribution to chemistry?
1) He determined the structure of proteins.
2) He developed the nuclear magnetic resonance technology.
3) He studied the rates of chemical reactions.
4) Ernst became a professor of the Federal Institute of Technology.
8. Определите основную идею текста
1) There were a great number of important discoveries in chemistry- in the 20th century.
2) Richard Ernst is known to be an outstanding Swiss teacher.
3) Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an important instrument for chemical analyses.
4) Ernst's contribution to the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy favoured the development of chemistry.
Текст 5. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания