- •Systems of the body and their disease Human body and his structure
- •Тема 28. Людське тіло та його структура.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. Translate and memorize the following words and phrases:
- •3. Complete the sentences using one of the following medical terms. The first one has been done for you as an example.
- •4. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •5. Find substitutes for the following word combinations. Then use sentences of your own.
- •II. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. Work with a partner to label each statement true (t) or false (f). If the statement is false, correct it so that it is true.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •4. What do the following refer to in the text?
- •5. Word hunt
- •6. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •2. Body parts - categories
- •3. Word association: missing links
- •Reproductive system
- •5. Anagrams
- •6. Word Search
- •7. Try the puzzle!
- •V. Creative Tasks
- •1. Label the main parts of the human body.
- •2. Human Body Creative Writing
- •VI. Just For Fun
- •1. Read each riddle and fill in the blank with the correct part of your body that rhymes.
- •2. Try to guess what it is!
- •Cell and its functions. Structure of the cell.
- •Тема 29. Клітина та її функції. Будова клітини.
- •I. Speaking:
- •1. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Look at Fig. 3-1.
- •3. Read the text and translate it.
- •8. Give definitions of the words.
- •9. Answer the following questions.
- •Tissue and their classification. Organs and organ systems
- •Тема 30. Тканини та їх класифікація. Органи та системи органів.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. Translate and memorize the following words and phrases:
- •3. Complete the sentences using one of the following medical terms. The first one has been done for you as an example.
- •4. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •5. Find substitutes for the following word combinations. Then use them in the sentences of your own.
- •II. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. Work with a partner to label each statement true (t) or false (f). If the statement is false, correct it so that it is true.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •5. Word hunt
- •6. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •III. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. Translate and memorize the following words and phrases:
- •3. Complete the sentences using one of the following medical terms. The first one has been done for you as an example.
- •4. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •5. Find substitutes for the following word combinations, the sentences of your own.
- •IV. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •V. Comprehension check
- •1. Circle the correct word(s) to complete each sentence. Take turns reading the correct sentences aloud with a partner.
- •2. Work with a partner to label each statement true (t) or false (f). If the statement is false, correct it so that it is true.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •4. What do the following refer to in the text?
- •5. Word hunt
- •6. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Reproduce in your own words:
- •Benign tumor. Cancer
- •Тема 31. Доброякісні пухлини. Рак.
- •I. Active vocabulary
- •II. Lead in work with the vocabulary types of tumours
- •Hepatocellular adenoma
- •Hemangioma
- •Focal nodular hyperplasia
- •III. Work with the text. Read and translate the text cancer
- •Progress in cancer treatment
- •IV. Language development
- •1) Answer the following questions:
- •2) Match the following English word combinations with the Ukrainian ones:
- •3) Answer the following questions:
- •Integumentary system: skin and its derivatives
- •Тема 32. Покривна система: шкіра та її похідні. Хвороби шкіри. Догляд за шкірою.
- •I. Speaking:
- •1. Read and learn the following words, remember their Latin/Greek equivalents.
- •2. Read the text and translate it.
- •III. Independent Work:
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Write out sentences with the infinitive or its complexes. State their forms.
- •3. Translate into Ukrainian, pay attention to the infinitive complexes.
- •5. Translate into English using infinitive complexes.
- •Muscular system
- •Тема 33. М'язова система. М'язи та їх характеристика. Захворювання м'язової системи.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. The following words are lacking vowels. Write in the vowels, translate the words into Ukrainian and practise saying them. The first word has been found for you as an example.
- •3. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •3. Study the table and quiz yourself by guessing what should be in each of the blank rectangles below. Choose the correct word or word combination to fill in the gaps:
- •II. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. True or false statements. Make true with "t", false with "f". Correct the false statements.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •3. What do the following numbers refer to?
- •4. Match a word to the following definition.
- •5. Word hunt
- •6. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •2. Fill in all the gaps using the appropriate words from the text:
- •3. Muscular System Word Chop
- •4. Word Search
- •5. Anagrams
- •Human skeleton
- •Тема 34. Кісткова система: скелет, кістки, суглоби та їх хвороби.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Read and learn the topical vocabulary.
- •2. Read and memorize some interesting facts about the human skeleton.
- •3. Match the following English word combinations with the Ukrainian ones:
- •4. Find substitutes for the following terms:
- •II. Reading
- •1. Read the text.
- •2. Read and translate the following text. Get ready to speak on the structure of the human skeleton using the pictures and anatomic terms.
- •III. Post-reading activities
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Fill in the blanks with the words given under the line.
- •3. Group the words according to the skeleton parts.
- •4. Put proper numerals in the blanks.
- •5. Read and memorize the English idioms containing some topical words. Make your own sentences with the idioms.
- •IV. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. Which word is the odd one out? Explain your choice. The first one has been done for you as an example:
- •3. Match the real bone names on the left with the common bone names on the right. The first one has been done for you as an example:
- •4. Study the table and quiz yourself by guessing what should be in each of the blank rectangles below. Choose the correct word or word combination to fill in the gaps.
- •V. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. True or false statements. Make true with "t", false with "f". Correct the false statements.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •4. What do the following numbers refer to?
- •5. Match a word in the text to the following definition.
- •6. Word hunt
- •7. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. The following words are lacking vowels. Write in the vowels, translate the words into Ukrainian and practise saying them. The first word has been found for you as an example.
- •3. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •4. Study the table and quiz yourself by guessing what should be in each of the blank rectangles below. Choose the correct word or word combination to Jill in the gaps:
- •IX. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. True or false statements. Make true with "t", false with "f". Correct the false statements.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •4. What do the following numbers refer to?
- •5. Match a word in the text to the following definition.
- •6. Word hunt
- •7. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •6. Divide the text into logical parts and make up an outline of the text.
- •7. Speak on the text according to your plan.
- •Illnesses of the bone system
- •Тема 35. Хвороби кісткової системи. Викривлення хребта.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •2. Learn some terms describing the pathological conditions of the skeletal system.
- •3. Read the text. Be ready to answer the questions after reading.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Complete the sentences with the words given below:
- •Podiatry
- •Diskinaesthesis
- •Dysmelia
- •7. Read and get ready to narrate the additional information:
- •8. Read the definitions and fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Build medical terms:
- •9. Build medical terms. Choose them from the list below:
- •Cardiovascular system
- •Тема 36. Серцево-судинна система. Склад крові, серце, судини.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Read and learn the topical vocabulary.
- •2. Match the following English word combinations with the Ukrainian ones:
- •3. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •4. Read and memorize some interesting facts.
- •II. Reading
- •III. Post-reading activities
- •1. Check how well you understand the text by answering the following questions.
- •2. Continue the following sentences.
- •3. Match the anatomical terms and their definitions.
- •4. Read and translate the following proverb. What is it about? Do you agree with the saying? Discuss it in groups.
- •IV. Speaking
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •5. Say whether the following sentences are true or false.
- •6. Fill in the table and compare your findings with your partner's.
- •7. Read and memorize the English idioms containing the word blood.
- •Diseases of Cardiovascular system
- •Тема 37. Хвороби серцево-судинної системи.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. Translate and memorize the following words and phrases:
- •3. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •4. Find substitutes for the following definitions. Then use them in the sentences of your own.
- •II. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. Work with a partner to label each statement true (t) or false (f). If the statement is false, correct it so that it is true.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •4. Word hunt
- •5. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •2. Complete the Sentence. Use the words in the list below to complete the sentence:
- •3. Anagrams
- •4. Atherosclerosis and Heart Attack Word Chop
- •5. Word Search
- •6. Try the puzzle!
- •V. Creative Tasks
- •Respiratory system
- •Тема 38. Дихальна система: будова та функції.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Read and learn the topical vocabulary.
- •2. Read and memorize some interesting facts:
- •II. Reading
- •II. Post - reading activities
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Fill in the blanks.
- •3. Enumerate the main stages of the breathing process.
- •4. Match the anatomical terms and their definitions.
- •5. Read and discuss the information obtained.
- •6. Solve the anatomical crossword puzzle. Across
- •III. Speaking
- •IV. Supplement
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Write out the key sentences of the text. Be ready to speak about the
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
- •Text 2
- •1. Read, translate and discuss the text.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Say whether the sentences are true or false.
- •4. Read and translate the following proverb.
- •Digestive system
- •Тема 39. Система травлення. Будова травного каналу. Печінка. Підшлункова залоза.
- •1. Read and learn the topical vocabulary.
- •2. Learn some more terms denoting digestive system elements.
- •3. Read and memorize some interesting facts.
- •4. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •III. Post – reading activities
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Put the sentences in the right order.
- •3. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •4. Study some terms denoting digestive system disorders, but first match the terms and their definitions.
- •5. Write a short summary of the text.
- •IV. Speaking
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •Text 2
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Say whether the sentences are true or false.
- •Nervous system
- •Тема 40. Нервова система: роль, структура, імпульс, синапси, рефлекс, типи нервів. Спинний мозок. Головний мозок.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Read and learn the topical vocabulary.
- •2. Read and memorize some interesting facts about the brain.
- •3. Read and memorize the English idioms containing the word brain. Make your own sentences with the idioms.
- •4. Match the following English word combinations and the Ukrainian ones:
- •II. Reading
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Say whether the following sentences are true or false.
- •3. Write out of the text all anatomical terms with definitions.
- •4. Complete the diagram.
- •5. Solve the anatomical crossword puzzle.
- •IV. Speaking
- •V. Supplement Text I
- •1. Read the information about some pathological conditions of the nervous system. Be ready to answer the questions after the text.
- •Nervous system disorders
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Fill in the blanks.
- •Endocrine system
- •Тема 41. Ендокринна система. Ендокринні та екзокринні залози.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Read and learn the topical vocabulary.
- •2. Match the following English word combinations and the Ukrainian ones.
- •3. Analyze the structure of the following terms. Memorize the meaning of the term elements from the first column.
- •II. Reading
- •III. Post-reading activities
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Fill in the table consulting the text.
- •3. Say whether the following sentences are true or false.
- •4. Solve the anatomical crossword puzzle.
- •IV. Speaking
- •Instructions
- •Illnesses Endocrine system
- •Тема 42. Хвороби ендокринної системи. Діабет. Гормональний дисбаланс та його лікування.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •1. Learn the active vocabulary:
- •2. Translate and memorize the following words and phrases:
- •3. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms:
- •4. Find substitutes for the following word combinations. Then use them in the sentences of your own.
- •II. Reading and Comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully to obtain detailed understanding of it.
- •2. Work with a partner to label each statement true (t) or false (f). If the statement is false, correct it so that it is true.
- •3. Here the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •4. Word hunt
- •5. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
- •4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •2. Complete the Sentence
- •3. Anagrams
- •4. Endocrine Disease Word Chop
- •Urinary system
- •Тема 43. Сечова система: будова, функції. Розлади функції нирок та інших органів сечовиділення.
- •I. Vocabulary
- •II. Reading
- •III. Post-reading activities
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Write out of the text all the topical anatomical terms (with definitions).
- •3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
- •Tube, b) urine, c) nerves, d) urea, e) waste substances
- •4. Describe the process of urine development from formation to urination.
- •IV. Speaking
- •V. Supplement Text 1
- •1. Read the information about urinary system problems. Try to memorize the meaning of some terms denoting urinary system disorders.
- •2. Read the text closely and answer the following questions.
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
- •Text 2
- •1. Read the text about one of the most widespread urinary system problems.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Say whether the sentences are true or false.
- •4. Retell the text. Woman reproductive system
- •Тема 44. Жіноча репродуктивна система.
- •Захворювання жіночих статевих органів.
- •I. Speaking.
- •1. Read and learn the following words and their equivalents
- •2. Learn the following clinical terms.
- •3. Look at Fig. 26-1 and find the main female reproductive organs: external, internal, accessory.
- •4. Read the text, translate it.
- •5. A) Title the text.
- •6. Match the synonyms and synonymous expressions from a) and b).
- •7. Answer the following questions.
- •8. Look at Fig. 26-2 and speak of pregnancy physiology.
- •II. Independent Work
- •1. Read the text and retell it.
- •Male reproductive system
- •Тема 45. Чоловіча репродуктивна система.
- •2. Read and translate the text. Male Reproductive System
- •7. Answer the following questions.
- •II. Independent Work
- •1. Read and translate the text. Major Medical Specialty Fields
- •2. Answer the question.
- •3. Describe the polyclinic at your hospital. Appendix
- •Interesting facts about…
- •Human Body
- •The Journey into the Cell
- •Musculoskeletal System
- •Interesting Blood Facts:
- •Respiratory System
- •Interesting Facts about our Respiration
- •Circulatory System
- •Interesting Circulation Facts:
- •Digestive System
- •Interesting Facts about Structure and Physiology of the Digestive System:
- •Endocrine System
- •Nervous System
- •Interesting Facts about Structure and Physiology of the Nervous System:
- •Urinary System
- •Interesting Urine Facts:
- •Reproductive System
- •Supplementary texts for student’s independent work Bronchitis
- •Thrombosis
- •Angina pectoris
- •Stomach cancer
- •Breast cancer
- •Pancreatitis
- •Hepatitis
- •Hiv/aids
- •Hormonal disorders
- •Strokes
- •Eye and Vision disorders
- •Dermatitis
- •Infertility
- •Child Development
- •Common Infectious Diseases in Children
- •Medical Specialists
- •Quotations and Phrases Taken from Original Texts
- •Proverbs
6. Check your understanding. Find correct answers to the following questions:
1. What terms are used to designate relative position?
2. What planes are used to describe the location or direction of a given point in the body?
3. What cavities are the internal organs located within?
4. What makes up abdominopelvic cavity?
5. How many regions can the abdomen be divided by imaginary lines into? What are they?
6. What are the principal parts of the human body?
7. What parts does the head have?
8. What does the neck contain?
9. What are the principal parts of the upper (lower) body?
10. What do the upper (lower) limbs consist of?
11. What are the main systems of the human body?
III. Speaking
1. Skim through the text and find the sentences expressing its main idea.
2. Work in pairs. Ask and answer comprehension check questions on the contents of the text.
3. Substitute the words and phrases in bold type by close in their meaning from the text.
1. The foot is attached to the leg by the ankle.
2. Inner organs are located within dorsal and ventral cavities.
3. The dorsal cavity contains the brain in the skull and the spinal cord in the spine.
4. At the top and front of the upper body, just beneath the neck, is the collarbone.
5. Abdomen can be divided visually into nine areas.
6. The transverse plane passes horizontally, dividing the body into upper and lower portions.
7. It consists of the skull and the face.
8. The neck is what joins the head and the trunk.
9. Buttocks are usually known as the rear end or the bum (especially with children).
10. There is no anatomical division between the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity.
11. Lymphatic system protects the human body against disease-causing agents.
12. In the lower part of the face is the chin.
4. Find in the text the words or phrases of opposite meaning and list them in your notebook. Then:
(a) work with a partner and test each other asking questions such as "What's the opposite of BACK?";
(b) use these words and phrases in the sentences of your own.
5. Translate into English:
1. Голова складається з черепної і лицевої частин.
2. Печінка, жовчний міхур, підшлункова залоза, селезінка і нирки належать до внутрішніх органів нижньої частини тіла.
3. Основною функцією легень є дихання, а серця - перекачування крові.
4. Стопа приєднується до ноги за допомогою щиколотки (кісточки).
5. Передпліччя розташоване між ліктем і зап'ястком.
6. Верхньою частиною ноги є стегно.
7. Зовні ротової порожнини є губи, а всередині - зуби і язик.
8. На кінцях пальців руки є кінчики пальців і нігті з білуватими півмісяцями.
9. Коліно - суглоб посередині нижньої кінцівки. Воно захищене колінною чашечкою.
10. Щелепа розташована з внутрішньої сторони щік і підборіддя.
11. Передня частина нижньої ноги - гомілка, а задня частина - литка.
12. Кожна кисть складається з чотирьох патьців і одного великого пальця.
6. Divide the text into logical parts and make up an outline of the text.
7. Speak on the text according to your plan.
IV. Review
1. Multiple choice
• On a separate sheet of paper, write the letter of the answer that best completes each statement.
1. The _________ plane divides the body into right and left portions.
a. sagittal b. transverse c. coronal d. frontal e. medial
2. The _________ cavity contains the brain and the spinal cord.
a. thoracic b. pelvic c. abdominopelvic d. dorsal e. ventral
3. The large membrane that covers the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity is the _____.
a. diaphragm b. pleura c. peritoneum d. skin e. covering
4. The _________ plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts.
a. coronal b. transverse c. sagittal d. medial e. frontal
5. The abdomen can be divided by imaginary lines into _________ regions.
a. ten b. five c. six d. four e. nine
6. Hypogastric region is located _________ the stomach.
a. below b. above c. in d. behind e. far from
7. Right and left iliac regions are also called _________ regions.
a. hypogastric b. lumbar c. epigastric d. umbilical e. inguinal
8. The _________ cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm.
a. thoracic b. pelvic c. cranial d. spinal e. dorsal
9. The _________ plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
a. coronal b. transverse c. sagittal d. medial e. frontal
10. _________ region is located above the _________ stomach.
a. iliac b. lumbar c. epigastric d. umbilical e. inguinal
11. Right and left lumbar regions are located near the _________.
a. ribs b. navel c. groin d. small of the back e. ileum
12. There is no anatomical separation between the abdominal cavity and _______ cavity.
a. pelvic b. thoracic c. lumbar d. spinal e. cranial