2. True or false statements. Make true with "t", false with "f". Correct the false statements.

1._______The biggest bone in the body is the femur and the smallest is the stapes bone in the middle ear.

2._______The skeleton comprises around 33% of the total body weight and half of this weight is water.

3._______The hyoid bone, which is located in the pelvis and serves as the point of attachment for the tongue.

4._______The sacrum (the bone at the base of the cranium) consists of five bones which are separate at birth but fuse together into a solid structure in later years.

5._______Longitudinal bone growth ends when the bone of the epiphysis and diaphysis begins.

6._______Epiphyseal plate closure happens at about 19 years of age in females and 22 years of age in males.

7._______There are three bones in each middle ear called the ossicles.

8._______The appendicular skeleton is formed by the pelvic girdle.

9._______The skeleton has seven main functions.

10._______Without the ribs, costal cartilages, and the intercostal muscles the lungs would not collapse.

11._______The rib cage, spine, and sternum protect the lungs, heart and major blood vessels.

12._______There are no differences between the male and female human skeletons.

3. Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?

1. The biggest bone in the body is the femur.

2. It is powered by skeletal muscles, which are attached to the skeleton at various sites on bones. It holds a baby when a woman is pregnant.

3. No, there aren't. There are not 213 bones in the adult human skeleton. There are 206 bones in the adult human skeleton.

4. It is formed by the pectoral girdles.

5. They protect the digestive and urogenital systems and the hip.

6. Yes, it is. The skeleton is the site of haematopoiesis

7. The skeleton has six main functions.

8. They release a hormone called osteocalcin.

9. No it doesn't. Chondroitin sulfate doesn't increase both the insulin secretion and sensitivity. Osteocalcin increases both the insulin secretion and sensitivity.

10. The difference comes from a number of small bones that fuse together during growth.

11. Because it allows the head of a foetus to pass.

4. What do the following numbers refer to?

231,22, 633, 126, 2, 60, 70, 12, 13.

5. Match a word in the text to the following definition.

a. any of the various structures that make up the skeleton;

b. to carry the weight of, to give strength to; maintain;

c. to give strength to; maintain;

d. the development of the embryo;

e. recently or just born;

f. close to; around; roughly or in the region of;

g. of, relating to, or characteristic of a woman;

h. being accountable for one's actions and decisions;

i. to permit (to do something); let;

j. to defend from trouble, harm, attack, etc;

k. of greater importance or priority;

l. the state or quality of being unlike.

6. Word hunt

(a) Find in the text English equivalents of the following words and phrases and translate the sentences containing them:

захищати органи; найменша кістка; безпосередньо пов'язані; місце приєднання; м'язи та зв'язки; хрящовий скелет; ендохондріальне окостеніння; приблизно; в середньому; доросла людина; повздовжня вісь; суглоби стегна; дозволяючи незначні рухи; нижні кінцівки; травлення, виділення та відтворення; каркас, який підтримує тіло; життєво важливі органи; відповідно; червоний кістковий мозок; накопичувати; випуклість

(b) Use these words and phrases in the sentences of your own.