- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Find the translation of English words:
- •3. Read and translate into Ukrainian:
- •4. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •5. Learn the essential vocabulary:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. Translate int English:
- •5. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following:
- •6. Find the Translation:
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. What operations could be done by robots in hazardous or uncomfortable for the human workers conditions?
- •9. List the materials you know which are used in engineering. Combine your list with that of your friend and say which of the materials are metals and non-mеtals.
- •10. Some students and their Instructor are discussing the materials that
- •11. Complete the dialogues with suitable words.
- •12.Match the English phrases with the Russian equivalents.
- •13. Rephrase the following sentences and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed below terms have Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. Which of the listed above state¬ments are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •8. Questions for group discussion:
- •9.Read the text attentively and check your answers.
- •10.Say whether you agree or disagree with these statements.
- •11.Fill in the gaps.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following:
- •4. Find the translation of English words:
- •5. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text:
- •6. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •7. Give definitions to the following:
- •8. Find the translation:
- •9. Why is it important for an engineer to know the properties of engineering materials?
- •10. A group of students is at the practical class now. Read to their con¬versation and learn how we can compare properties of various materials.
- •11.Complete the sentences with these words: rigid, soft, elastic, hard,
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding
- •5.Which of the following is Software
- •6. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text:
- •12. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •13. Correct mistakes.
- •14.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing: Operating Systems.
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Match the following:
- •6. Which of the listed below state¬ments are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8. Questions for group discussion:
- •9.Is it possible to imagine our life without computers? How useful are they?
- •10.Alice and Paul are talking in the University coffee-bar. Read their conversation and name the advantages of computers.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing: Windows.
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •6. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •7. Define the following:
- •8. Find the equivalents in the text:
- •9. Find the equivalents in the text:
- •10. Questions for group discussion:
- •11. Read the text attentively and find the answers to the following questions.
- •12.Cross out the odd word.
- •Introducing to www. Internet.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •Introducing to www. Internet.
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •6. Define the following using the vocabulary:
- •7. Match the following:
- •8. Words to match with:
- •9. Questions for group discussion:
- •10. Say whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct the
- •11.Write two paragraphs, one about the advantages and the other about the disadvantages of computers.
- •12.Translate the text into Ukrainian:
- •2. Discuss these questions.
- •3. Alice and Dima are studying in different groups. Now they are dis¬cussing their laboratory classes. Read their conversations and say
- •8. Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read the text translate it in writing: Automated production lines
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Find the definition of English words:
- •3. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •4. Read and translate the text:
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •6. Find the following word combinations in
- •7.Translate into English:
- •8. Have you ever seen how a robot works? Where did you see it and what
- •9 .Mr. Kosov, a reporter from the University newspaper, is talking to Paul,
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read and translate the text:
- •5. Find the following words and word combi-nations in the text:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. Find equivalents in the text:
- •9. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •10. List as many car systems as possible. Compare your list with the
- •11.Philip, a student of Automotive Engineering, has met his friend Alex in
- •5.Read and translate the text:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •7.Find the following in the text:
- •8.Translate into English:
- •9.Answer the questions:
- •10.Arrange the operation stages of a typical automatic vehicle control.
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read and translate the text:
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •5. Find the following word combinations in the text:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7.Additional text
- •8. Answer the questions:
- •9. Find the following words and word combi-nations in the text:
- •10.Discuss the following questions.
- •11.Some students are at the exhibition "History of Cars". Read their con-versation with the guide and learn how the first automobiles looked like.
- •12. Complete the dialogues.
- •13.Correct mistakes.
- •14.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Read and find their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •3. Find the translation:
- •4. Read and translate the text:
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •6. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8.Discuss the following questions.
- •9.Oleg hasnt seen his friend Paul for a long time. Read the dialogue
- •14. Reading and Speaking
- •1. Discuss the following questions.
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Cross out the odd word. All the words in the line should belong to one
- •4. These two sentences have a different structure but the same
- •5. Restore the original sentences.
- •6.Correct mistakes.
- •7.Read and translate the text in writing:
- •13. Engineers make use of machine tools in all their activities. List as many
- •14.Paul, a student of Mechanical Engineering, has visited an exhibition
- •15. Complete the dialogues.
- •15. Correct mistakes in the following sentences.
- •16. Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents.
- •2. Match the words with the opposite meaning.
- •3. Find in в the derivatives from the
- •13. Complete the dialogue.
- •14. Match the Russian words with their English equivalents.
- •4. Complete the following dialogues.
- •5.Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6. Find the English equivalents in в to the Russian words in a.
- •7.Make all possible sentences, matching the actions that take place at the same time.
- •8. Explain why these things happen.
- •9. Expand the following sentences as shown in the example.
- •10.If none of the switches are working something must be wrong with
- •11.Match the beginning of each sentence with its end.
- •12. Read the text attentively and learn about the most common faults in the car and the ways to repair them.
- •13.Correct mistakes in the following sentences.
- •14.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •16.Andrew has his practice at the steel works. Read his conversation
- •1. Discuss the following questions.
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Read the students' conversation and learn how holograms are made.
- •4. Complete the dialogues,
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6.Find in в the English equivalents to the Ukrainian words in a.
- •7. Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •8. Divide these words into four columns according to their part of speech.
- •9. Say how you want these things changed.
- •19. Discuss the following questions.
- •20. Alice meets her friend Andrew in the University library. Read their
- •21. Complete the dialogue.
- •1. Take a piece of paper and within one minute put down your
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Read the engineers' conversation and learn about the latest
- •4. Complete the dialogues.
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6.Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •7. Make up all possible word combinations.
- •8. Find in в the derivatives from the words in a.
- •9.How do you find these ideas? Use the table to make your own sentences and express your opinion.
- •10. A) Say if it is impossible (hard, difficult, easy, etc.) to do these things.
- •11. Insert prepositions (at, of, without, instead of) if necessary.
- •12.Correct mistakes in the following sentences.
- •13.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •14. You already know quite a lot about robots. Discuss the following
- •15.Read the text attentively to find something new about robots. Robots in Perspective
- •16. Provide extensive answers to the following questions.
- •17. Will you agree to these statements? Give reasons for your opinion.
- •18. Will you agree with the following statements? Give your reasons.
- •19. Correct mistakes.
- •20. Translate the sentences using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Discuss the following questions.
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Read the conversation and learn what a laser is and how it works.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6.Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •7. Find in the list these parts of speech.
- •8. To make a hologram is rather difficult. Making a hologram is rather difficult.
- •9. Restore the original sentences.
- •10. Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •11. Study the text for more detailed information about lasers. The Past and the Future of the Laser
- •12.Provide detailed answers to these questions.
- •13.Explain what the author means by the following statements.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •5. Read the article attentively and learn how scientists try to establish
- •Interstellar communication.
- •6. Say if the following statements are true or false. Correct the false
- •7. Find in в the English equivalents to the Ukranian words in a.
- •8.Make up all possible word combinations.
- •9. Find in each line the derivative from the first word.
- •10. Explain the difference between these sentences.
- •12. Correct mistakes.
- •13.Translate the sentences into Ukrainian using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •3. Read this text attentively and learn some facts from robot history.
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •5. Complete the sentences.
- •6.Expand these sentences with the facts from the text.
- •Contents:
13.Translate the sentences into Ukrainian using your active vocabulary.
1. Повідомлялося, що учені розробили телескоп, який уважно стежитиме за піднебінням.
2. Раніше передбачали, що радіохвилі є найефективнішим способом передачі сигналів в міжпланетному просторі.
3. Деякі учені вважали, що технічно розвинені цивілізації спробують встановити контакт за допомогою лазера.
4. Керівник проекту заявив, що його лабораторія вже провела близько 20 000 спостережень
5. Дослідники були упевнені, що надчутливий мікроскоп дозволить їм зробити важливе відкриття. 6. Він взнав, що існує величезна безліч всіляких оптичних пристроїв.
7. Винахідник довів, що його модифікований мікроскоп значно розширює можливості досліджень.
14.Act as a guide in the gallery and describe it to the class. Choose
the best project.
LESSON 13
Engineering as a Profession.
1. Read the text translate it in writing:
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Electrical and electronics engineering is the largest and most diverse field of engineering. It is concerned with the development and design, application, and manu¬facture of systems and devices that use electric power and signals. Among the most important subjects in the field are electric power and machinery, electronic cir¬cuits, control systems, computer design, superconduc-tors, solid-state electronics, medical imaging systems, robotics, lasers, radar, consumer electronics, and fibre optics.
Despite its diversity, electrical engineering can be di¬vided into four main branches: electric power and ma¬chinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.
Electric Power and Machinery
The field of electric power is concerned with the de¬sign and operation of systems for generating, transmit¬ting, and distributing electric power Engineers in this field have brought about several important developments since the late 1970s. One of these is the ability to trans¬mit power at extremely high voltages in both the direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) modes, reduc¬ing power losses proportionately. Another is the real time control of power generation, transmission, and dis¬tribution, using computers to analyze the data fed back from the power system to a central station and thereby optimizing the efficiency of the system while it is in op-eration.
A significant advance in the engineering of electric machinery has been the introduction of electronic con¬trols that enable AC motors to run at variable speeds by adjusting the frequency of the current fed into them. DC motors have also been made to run more efficiently this way.
Electronics
Electronic engineering deals with the research, de¬sign, integration, and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information. Information is now generated, transmitted, received, and stored electronically on a scale unprecedented in history, and there is every indication that the explosive rate of growth in this field will continue unabated.
Electronic engineers design circuits to perform spe¬cific tasks, such as amplifying electronic signals, add¬ing binary numbers, and demodulating radio signals to recover the information they carry. Circuits are also used to generate waveforms useful for synchronization and timing, as in television, and for correcting errors in dig¬ital information, as in telecommunications.
Prior to the 1960s, circuits consisted of separate elec¬tronic devices — resistors, capacitors, inductors, and vacuum tubes — assembled on a chassis and connected by wires to form a bulky package. The electronics revo¬lution of the 1970s and 1980s set the trend towards inte¬grating electronic devices on a single tiny chip of silicon or some other semiconductive material. The complex task of manufacturing these chips uses the most advanced technology, including computers, electron-beam lithog¬raphy, micro-manipulators, ion-beam implantation, and ultraclean environments. Much of the research in elec¬tronics is directed towards creating even smaller chips, faster switching of components, and three-dimensional integrated circuits.
Communications and Control
Engineers work on control systems ranging from the everyday, passenger-actuated, such as those that run a lift, to the exotic, such as systems for keeping spacecraft on course. Control systems are used extensively in air¬craft and ships, in military fire-control systems, in power transmission and distribution, in automated manufac¬turing, and in robotics.
2. The 20th century has produced many important achievements in science and technology. Robots are one of them. In groups list as many spheres of robot application as possible. Compare your list with those of other groups.