- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Find the translation of English words:
- •3. Read and translate into Ukrainian:
- •4. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •5. Learn the essential vocabulary:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. Translate int English:
- •5. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following:
- •6. Find the Translation:
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. What operations could be done by robots in hazardous or uncomfortable for the human workers conditions?
- •9. List the materials you know which are used in engineering. Combine your list with that of your friend and say which of the materials are metals and non-mеtals.
- •10. Some students and their Instructor are discussing the materials that
- •11. Complete the dialogues with suitable words.
- •12.Match the English phrases with the Russian equivalents.
- •13. Rephrase the following sentences and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed below terms have Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. Which of the listed above state¬ments are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •8. Questions for group discussion:
- •9.Read the text attentively and check your answers.
- •10.Say whether you agree or disagree with these statements.
- •11.Fill in the gaps.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Find Ukrainian equivalents to the following:
- •4. Find the translation of English words:
- •5. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text:
- •6. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •7. Give definitions to the following:
- •8. Find the translation:
- •9. Why is it important for an engineer to know the properties of engineering materials?
- •10. A group of students is at the practical class now. Read to their con¬versation and learn how we can compare properties of various materials.
- •11.Complete the sentences with these words: rigid, soft, elastic, hard,
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •4. General understanding
- •5.Which of the following is Software
- •6. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text:
- •12. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •13. Correct mistakes.
- •14.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing: Operating Systems.
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Match the following:
- •6. Which of the listed below state¬ments are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8. Questions for group discussion:
- •9.Is it possible to imagine our life without computers? How useful are they?
- •10.Alice and Paul are talking in the University coffee-bar. Read their conversation and name the advantages of computers.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing: Windows.
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •6. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •7. Define the following:
- •8. Find the equivalents in the text:
- •9. Find the equivalents in the text:
- •10. Questions for group discussion:
- •11. Read the text attentively and find the answers to the following questions.
- •12.Cross out the odd word.
- •Introducing to www. Internet.
- •1. Learn the new words and put them into your vocabularies:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •Introducing to www. Internet.
- •4. General understanding:
- •5. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •6. Define the following using the vocabulary:
- •7. Match the following:
- •8. Words to match with:
- •9. Questions for group discussion:
- •10. Say whether the following sentences are true or false. Correct the
- •11.Write two paragraphs, one about the advantages and the other about the disadvantages of computers.
- •12.Translate the text into Ukrainian:
- •2. Discuss these questions.
- •3. Alice and Dima are studying in different groups. Now they are dis¬cussing their laboratory classes. Read their conversations and say
- •8. Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read the text translate it in writing: Automated production lines
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Find the definition of English words:
- •3. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •4. Read and translate the text:
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •6. Find the following word combinations in
- •7.Translate into English:
- •8. Have you ever seen how a robot works? Where did you see it and what
- •9 .Mr. Kosov, a reporter from the University newspaper, is talking to Paul,
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read and translate the text:
- •5. Find the following words and word combi-nations in the text:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. Find equivalents in the text:
- •9. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •10. List as many car systems as possible. Compare your list with the
- •11.Philip, a student of Automotive Engineering, has met his friend Alex in
- •5.Read and translate the text:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •7.Find the following in the text:
- •8.Translate into English:
- •9.Answer the questions:
- •10.Arrange the operation stages of a typical automatic vehicle control.
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
- •3. Read and translate the text:
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •5. Find the following word combinations in the text:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7.Additional text
- •8. Answer the questions:
- •9. Find the following words and word combi-nations in the text:
- •10.Discuss the following questions.
- •11.Some students are at the exhibition "History of Cars". Read their con-versation with the guide and learn how the first automobiles looked like.
- •12. Complete the dialogues.
- •13.Correct mistakes.
- •14.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •2. Read and find their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •3. Find the translation:
- •4. Read and translate the text:
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •6. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •8.Discuss the following questions.
- •9.Oleg hasnt seen his friend Paul for a long time. Read the dialogue
- •14. Reading and Speaking
- •1. Discuss the following questions.
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Cross out the odd word. All the words in the line should belong to one
- •4. These two sentences have a different structure but the same
- •5. Restore the original sentences.
- •6.Correct mistakes.
- •7.Read and translate the text in writing:
- •13. Engineers make use of machine tools in all their activities. List as many
- •14.Paul, a student of Mechanical Engineering, has visited an exhibition
- •15. Complete the dialogues.
- •15. Correct mistakes in the following sentences.
- •16. Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents.
- •2. Match the words with the opposite meaning.
- •3. Find in в the derivatives from the
- •13. Complete the dialogue.
- •14. Match the Russian words with their English equivalents.
- •4. Complete the following dialogues.
- •5.Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6. Find the English equivalents in в to the Russian words in a.
- •7.Make all possible sentences, matching the actions that take place at the same time.
- •8. Explain why these things happen.
- •9. Expand the following sentences as shown in the example.
- •10.If none of the switches are working something must be wrong with
- •11.Match the beginning of each sentence with its end.
- •12. Read the text attentively and learn about the most common faults in the car and the ways to repair them.
- •13.Correct mistakes in the following sentences.
- •14.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •16.Andrew has his practice at the steel works. Read his conversation
- •1. Discuss the following questions.
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Read the students' conversation and learn how holograms are made.
- •4. Complete the dialogues,
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6.Find in в the English equivalents to the Ukrainian words in a.
- •7. Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •8. Divide these words into four columns according to their part of speech.
- •9. Say how you want these things changed.
- •19. Discuss the following questions.
- •20. Alice meets her friend Andrew in the University library. Read their
- •21. Complete the dialogue.
- •1. Take a piece of paper and within one minute put down your
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Read the engineers' conversation and learn about the latest
- •4. Complete the dialogues.
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6.Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •7. Make up all possible word combinations.
- •8. Find in в the derivatives from the words in a.
- •9.How do you find these ideas? Use the table to make your own sentences and express your opinion.
- •10. A) Say if it is impossible (hard, difficult, easy, etc.) to do these things.
- •11. Insert prepositions (at, of, without, instead of) if necessary.
- •12.Correct mistakes in the following sentences.
- •13.Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •14. You already know quite a lot about robots. Discuss the following
- •15.Read the text attentively to find something new about robots. Robots in Perspective
- •16. Provide extensive answers to the following questions.
- •17. Will you agree to these statements? Give reasons for your opinion.
- •18. Will you agree with the following statements? Give your reasons.
- •19. Correct mistakes.
- •20. Translate the sentences using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Discuss the following questions.
- •2. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
- •3. Read the conversation and learn what a laser is and how it works.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •6.Match the words with the similar meaning.
- •7. Find in the list these parts of speech.
- •8. To make a hologram is rather difficult. Making a hologram is rather difficult.
- •9. Restore the original sentences.
- •10. Translate the sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •11. Study the text for more detailed information about lasers. The Past and the Future of the Laser
- •12.Provide detailed answers to these questions.
- •13.Explain what the author means by the following statements.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •5. Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •5. Read the article attentively and learn how scientists try to establish
- •Interstellar communication.
- •6. Say if the following statements are true or false. Correct the false
- •7. Find in в the English equivalents to the Ukranian words in a.
- •8.Make up all possible word combinations.
- •9. Find in each line the derivative from the first word.
- •10. Explain the difference between these sentences.
- •12. Correct mistakes.
- •13.Translate the sentences into Ukrainian using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Read the text translate it in writing:
- •3. Read this text attentively and learn some facts from robot history.
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •5. Complete the sentences.
- •6.Expand these sentences with the facts from the text.
- •Contents:
8.Translate into English:
1. Здатність металу перекрісталізовиваться при високій температурі використовується при гарячій обробці.
2. Перекристалізація — це зростання нових, вільних від деформації зерен.
3. Під час гарячої обробки метал може піддаватися дуже великій пластичній деформації стискування
4. Холодна обробка робить метал твердіше і міцніше, але деякі метали мають межу деформації.
5. Листовий прокат може вироблятися гарячим або холодним.
6. Поверхня холоднокатаного аркуша гладша і він міцніший.
7. Поперечний перетин фільєри для екструзії може бути простим або складним.
8. Алюмінієві і мідні сплави є найкращими для екструзії із-за їх пластичності при де-формації..
9. Алюмінієві банки, тюбики для зубної пасти є прикладами використання штампування витискуванням.
10. Товщина стінки алюмінієвої банки визначається зазором між пунсоном і штампом.
9.Answer the questions:
1. Have the basic elements that control vehicle motion changed a lot over the past few decades?
2. What are vehicles driven by?
3. Who carries out all these actions?
4. What is under development now?
5. Do you think it's a good idea to develop automatic vehicle control?
10.Arrange the operation stages of a typical automatic vehicle control.
a) The sensor information is processed by this controller.
b) A special sensor in the car monitors the position of the steering, accelerator and brake input devices.
c) The actions for the steering, brakes and drive subsystems are cal¬culated.
d) This information is passed by the sensor as an electrical signal to the microprocessor controller.
LESSON 4
Basic Engineering Process.
1. Read and learn the new words, write them down into your vocabulary:
to pull - тягнути
in series - серія, послідовно
yield point - точка текучості металу
shearing - обрізка,
to grip – хапати
lower die -нижній штамп
upper die- верхній штамп
forming operation- операція штампування
open-die forging- кування у відкритому штампі (подкладном)
required - необхідний
hammering - кування
within - всередині
to enclose - укладати
machining -механічна обробка
rod - стрижень
tolerance - допуск
upsetting- видавлювання
blow - удар
coming - чеканка
clamp - зажим,
imprint - відбиток
hit – ударяти
2. Make 10 sentences with the words given above.
3. Read and translate the text:
TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Drawing consists of pulling metal through a die. An example of drawing is wire drawing. The diameter reduction that can be achieved in one die is limited, but several dies in series can be used to get the desired reduction.
Sheet metal forming (штамповка листового метал¬ла) is widely used when parts of certain shape and size are needed. It includes forging, bending and shearing. One characteristic of sheet metal forming is that the thickness of the sheet changes little in processing. The metal is stretched just beyond its yield point (2 to 4 percent strain) in order to retain the new shape. Bending can be done by pressing between two dies. Shearing is a cutting operation similar to that used for cloth.
Each of these processes may be used alone, but often all three are used on one part. For example, to make the roof of an automobile from a flat sheet, the edges are gripped and the piece pulled in tension over a lower die. Next an upper die is pressed over the top, finishing the forming operation (штамповку), and finally the edges are sheared off to give the final dimensions.
Forging is the shaping of a piece of metal by pushing with open or closed dies. It is usually done hot in order to reduce the required force and increase the metal's plasticity.
Open-die forging is usually done by hammering a part between two flat faces. It is used to make parts that are too big to be formed in a closed die or in cases where only a few parts are to be made. The earliest forging machines lifted a large hammer that was then dropped on the workpiece, but now air or steam hammers are used, since they allow greater control over the force and the rate of forming. The part is shaped by moving or turning it between blows.
Closed-die forging is the shaping of hot metal within the walls of two dies that come together to enclose the workpiece on all sides. The process starts with a rod or bar cut to the length needed to fill the die. Since large, complex shapes and large strains are involved, several dies may be used to go from the initial bar to the final shape. With closed dies, parts can be made to close tolerances so that little finish machining is required.
Two closed-die forging operations are given special names. They are upsetting and coining. Coining takes its name from the final stage of forming metal coins, where the desired imprint is formed on a metal disk that is pressed in a closed die. Coining involves small strains and is done cold. Upsetting involves a flow of the metal back upon itself. An example of this process is the pushing of a short length of a rod through a hole, clamping the rod, and then hitting the exposed length with a die to form the head of a nail or bolt.