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METHODOLOGY TEXT BOOK 2009 2010.doc
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Symptoms of bone, joint and muscle disorders

joint pains; joint swelling; joint warmth; joint heat; redness; a generalized red rash; joint tenderness; joint enlargement and deformity; stiffness (stiff joints); numbness, tingling, weakness or even paralysis in the extremities; fatigue (tiredness), weakness; fever; chills; back pain; bone pains (deep, aching); bone enlargement and deformity.

Clinical manifestations of liver disease

jaundice ( a yellow discoloration of the skin and the whites of the eyes, dark urine); pale stools and general itching from cholestasis (a reduction of stoppage of bile flow); liver enlargement (a tender, painful, enlarged liver); portal hypertension; ascites (the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity); confusion from liver encephalopathy; gastrointestinal bleeding from varices; anemia and blood clotting abnormalities from liver failure (or dysfunction); feeling of illness; fatigue; weakness; malaise; weight loss; poor appetite or loss of appetite; nausea; vomiting (occasionally with blood); fever; abdominal discomfort; abdominal pain and swelling; right upper quadrant abdominal pain; muscle weakness.

SYMPTOMS OF GALLBLADDER DISORDERS

sharp and intermittent right upper abdominal pains extending to the lower part of the right shoulder blade; abdominal discomfort; tenderness to palpation; nausea; vomiting; fever; chills; jaundice; loss of appetite; weight loss.

SYMPTOMS OF BLOOD DISORDERS

fatigue; faintness or fainting; exertional shortness of breath; palpitations; pallor; absence of red blood vessels in the “whites” of eyes and clearly defined red lines on palms; black tarry stools; vomiting of “coffee grounds” appearing material; weakness; easy bruising; bleeding gums; nosebleeds; weight loss; swollen lymph glands.

SYMPTOMS OF HOMORNAL DISEASES

increased frequency of urination; increased thirst; increased hunger; weight loss; increased fatigue; blurred eyesight; numbness or tingling in the hands or feet, frequent infections; slow healing of cuts or sores, impotence.

SYMPTOMS OF KIDNEY DISEASE

weakness and lack of energy; dry and itchy skin; peculiar odor to the breath (urine-like); weight loss (muscle and fat); pale appearance from anemia (low blood counts); shortness of breath particularly upon exertion or when lying flat; total body swelling (edema), worse in the lower extremities; confusion, lethargy, dementia and coma in the late stages; the sudden onset of a sharp, agonizing pain that starts in the back and radiate to the groin; a red or pink tinge to the urine, nausea with vomiting.

Symptoms of infectious diseases

“cold” symptoms (fever, low grade fever, runny nose, sore throat, slight dry cough, pinkeye (conjunctivitis), malaise, headache, weakness); chest pains, chills, swollen glands (lymph nodes), frontal headache, muscle and body aches, joint pains, shortness of breath, wheezing; painful throat, pain upon swallowing,, a whitish pus on the back of a very red throat; rash