- •Видо-временные формы в текстовых тестах
- •Requirements to the exam in english
- •Read and translate the following text for patients
- •Translate the following text from the book “Complete Guide of Prescription and Non-Prescription Drugs”
- •Translate the following questions to the patient
- •4. Topics for discussion
- •About myself
- •Kirov State Medical Academy
- •Conversational formulas
- •At the press conference
- •Kirov Regional Teaching Hospital
- •Some facts and figures of the who
- •Doctor – patient questionnaire
- •Outstanding doctors from vyatka land
- •Muscles and muscle diseases
- •Inflammatory muscle disorders
- •Bones and bone and joint diseases bones of the human skeleton
- •Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis
- •Osteoporosis
- •Bacteria and visruses. Bacterial and viral diseases.
- •Certain types of bacteria (to be) _______ also capable of sexual reproduction through bacterial conjugation.
- •Anatomy and physiology of the heart. Heart diseases
- •Inflammation (to know) _________________ to be an important step in the process of atherosclerotic plaque formation.
- •In difficult cases or in situations where intervention to restore blood flow (to be) _____ appropriate, coronary angiography can (to perform) _______________.
- •In wilderness first aid, a possible heart attack (to justify) ____________ evacuation by the fastest available means, including medevac, even in the earliest or precursor stages.
- •Blood diseases
- •The main Forms (to include) ____________________
- •In humans, the incidence of vWd (to be) ______ roughly about 1 in 100 individuals.
- •Blood vessels and diseases of blood vessels
- •Treatment
- •Anatomy and physiology of the gi tract and gi diseases
- •The lower gastrointestinal tract (to consist) ____________ of the small intestine and the large intestine.
- •Gastritis (to be) ____ inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
- •Parasites can (to cause) ______________ dehydrating diarrhoea in infants.
- •Alcoholic Hepatitis
- •Pancreas and diseases of the pancreas
- •Anatomy
- •The pancreatic duct (to empty) ___________ into the second part of the duodenum. The common bile duct commonly (to join) ___________ the pancreatic duct at or near this point.
- •Less common causes (to include)
- •Investigations may (to include):
- •Treatment
- •Complications may (to include)
- •Epidemiology
- •About 95 percent of pancreatic tumors (to be) ______ adenocarcinomas. The remaining 5 percent (to include) ______________ other tumors of the exocrine pancreas.
- •Pancreatic cancer occasionally may (to result) _______________ in diabetes.
- •Diseases of the nervous system
- •Respiratory diseases
- •Fast fact
- •The endocrine system and endocrine diseases
- •The urinary system and urinary tract diseases
- •The ophthalmology department of kirov state medical academy
- •Eyes and eye diseases
- •Anatomy of the mammalian eye
- •Blindness
- •Glaucoma
- •Cataract
- •Skin and skin diseases
- •Bath solutions and moisturizers (to help) ________ sooth affected skin and reduce the dryness.
- •The most common types of common eczemas (to include) ____________________
- •Occasionally, the diagnosis may also (to involve) _______ a skin
- •The immune system
- •Lifestyle
- •In times of temptation...
- •It's a mind game...
- •Obesity
- •Certain populations and individuals may (to be) ______ more prone to obesity than others
- •Physical examination
- •General appearance
- •Organ systems
- •Carbohydrates, Protein, Cholesterol, Fat, Fiber
- •Make up questions and question your fellow students
- •Supplements supplement 1 rules of reading
- •Supplement 2 patterns of medication summaries
- •Supplement 3 symptoms symptoms of heart diseases
- •Symptoms of digestive disorders
- •Symptoms of bone, joint and muscle disorders
- •Clinical manifestations of liver disease
- •Symptoms of infectious diseases
- •Symptoms of brain and nerve disorders
- •The most common patterns of medical interviewing
- •Supplement 4 synonyms
- •Supplement 5
- •Doctor - patient questionnaire
- •(From the Medical Center of Flemington, the State of New Jersey, the usa)
- •Supplement 6
- •Supplement 7 diseases of the bones, joints and muscles
- •Diseases of the liver and gallbladder
- •Diseases of the cardiocirculatory system
- •Diseases of the nervous system
- •Diseases of the vascular system and blood diseases
- •Diseases of the respiratory system
- •Supplement 8 a brief review of kirov state medical academy: facts and figures
- •Ksma’s official address: 112, Karl Marx Street, Kirov, 610000, Russia
- •Supplement 9 tense and voice forms active voice
- •Supplement 10 the most communicative proverbs and sayings
- •Supplement 11 primary lexical minimum for students and postgraduates
- •Supplement 12 tests
- •Test in synonyms
- •Clinical test
- •Test in clinical topics
- •Supplement 13 Patterns for retelling texts on diseases
- •Supplement 14 medication summaries penicillins
- •If you forget a dose:
- •Infrequent:
- •Infants & children:
- •Interacts with combined effect
Skin and skin diseases
Skin (to be) ______ the largest organ of the integumentary ([in,tegju’menteri] – покровный) system. It (to make up) ______________of multiple layers of epithelial tissues. They (to guard) __________ underlying muscles and organs. Skin pigmentation (to vary) ___________ among populations, and skin type can (to range) _________ from dry skin to oily skin.
The adjective cutaneous literally (to mean) ________ "of the skin" (from Latin cutis, skin).
Skin (to play) ____________ the most important role in protecting (the body) against pathogens. Its other main functions (to be) _______ temperature regulation, sensation, and synthesis of vitamin D and the protection of vitamin B folates.
Severely damaged skin (to try) ____________ to heal by forming scar tissue, often giving rise to discoloration and depigmentation of the skin.
Skin (to have) _______ pigmentation, or melanin, provided by melanocytes, which absorb some of the potentially dangerous ultraviolet radiation (UV) in sunlight.
The skin (to know) _____often __________ as the largest organ of the human body. It (to have) _________ the largest surface area of all the organs. Moreover, it (to weigh) _________ more than any single internal organ, accounting for about 15 percent of body weight. For the average adult human, the skin (to have) _________ a surface area of between 1.5-2.0 square meters (16.1-21.5 sq.ft.), most of it (to be) ___ between 2-3 mm (0.10 inch) thick. The average square inch (6.5 cm²) of skin (to hold) _____ 650 sweat glands, 20 blood vessels, 60,000 melanocytes, and more than a thousand nerve endings.
Skin (to perform) __________________ the following functions:
Protection: The skin (to be) ____an anatomical barrier between the internal and external environment in bodily defense; Langerhans cells in the skin (to be) _____ part of the adaptive immune system
Sensation: The skin (to contain) ________ a variety of nerve endings that (to react) ________ to heat and cold, touch, pressure, vibration, and tissue injury.
Heat regulation: the skin (to contain) _______ a blood supply far greater than its requirements which (to allow) __________ control of energy loss by radiation, convection and conduction. Dilated blood vessels (to increase) _____________ perfusion and heat loss while constricted vessels greatly (to reduce) _________ cutaneous blood flow and (to conserve) __________ heat.
Control of evaporation: the skin (to provide) ____________ a relatively dry barrier to fluid loss. Loss of this function (to contribute) ___________ to the massive fluid loss in burns.
Aesthetics and communication: others (to see) _________ our skin and can (to assess) _________ our mood, physical state and attractiveness.
Storage and synthesis: The skin (to act) _______ as a storage center for lipids and water, as well as a means of synthesis of vitamin D.
Excretion: sweat (to contain) ___________ urea.
Absorption: Oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide can (to diffuse) __________ into the epidermis in small amounts. In addition, medicine can (to administer) ______________through the skin, by ointments or by means of adhesive patch, such as the nicotine patch.
Psoriasis [so’raiesis] (to be) _____ a disease which (to affect) _______________ the skin and joints. It commonly (to cause) ___________ red scaly patches to appear on the skin. The scaly patches (to call) ___________ psoriatic plaques. They (to be) _____ areas of inflammation and excessive skin production. Skin rapidly (to accumulate) ______________ at these sites. It (to take) ___________ a silvery-white appearance. Plaques frequently (to occur) _________ on the skin of the elbows and knees, but can (to affect) _________ any area including the scalp and genitals. Psoriasis (to hypothesize) _______________ to be immune-mediated.It (not to be) _______ and is not contagious.
The disorder (to be) _____ a chronic recurring condition. It (to vary) ________ in severity from minor localised patches to complete body coverage. Fingernails and toenails (to affect) ______frequently ___________ (psoriatic nail dystrophy). Psoriasis can also (to cause) _____________ inflammation of the joints. It (to know) __________ as psoriatic arthritis. Ten to fifteen percent of people with psoriasis have psoriatic arthritis.
The cause of psoriasis (not to know) ___________, but it (to believe) _________________ to have a genetic component. Several factors (to aggravate [‘aegreveit]) ________ psoriasis. These factors (to include) _____________ stress, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking. Individuals with psoriasis may (to suffer) __________ from depression and loss of self-esteem (чувство собственного достоинства) . As such, quality of life (to be) _______ an important factor in evaluating the severity of the disease. There (to be) _____ many treatments available but because of its chronic recurrent nature psoriasis (to be) _____ a challenge to treat.
A diagnosis of psoriasis (to base) ____ usually ________ on the appearance of the skin. There are no special blood tests or diagnostic procedures for psoriasis. Sometimes a skin biopsy, may (to need) ____________ to rule out other disorders and to confirm the diagnosis. Skin from a biopsy will show clubbed Rete pegs if positive for psoriasis.
Psoriasis (to affect) ___________ both sexes equally and can occur at any age, although it most commonly (to appear) ____________ for the first time between the ages of 15 and 25 years.
The prevalence of psoriasis in Western populations (to estimate) __________ to be around 2-3%.
Around one-third of people with psoriasis (to report) __________ a family history of the disease