- •Видо-временные формы в текстовых тестах
- •Requirements to the exam in english
- •Read and translate the following text for patients
- •Translate the following text from the book “Complete Guide of Prescription and Non-Prescription Drugs”
- •Translate the following questions to the patient
- •4. Topics for discussion
- •About myself
- •Kirov State Medical Academy
- •Conversational formulas
- •At the press conference
- •Kirov Regional Teaching Hospital
- •Some facts and figures of the who
- •Doctor – patient questionnaire
- •Outstanding doctors from vyatka land
- •Muscles and muscle diseases
- •Inflammatory muscle disorders
- •Bones and bone and joint diseases bones of the human skeleton
- •Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis
- •Osteoporosis
- •Bacteria and visruses. Bacterial and viral diseases.
- •Certain types of bacteria (to be) _______ also capable of sexual reproduction through bacterial conjugation.
- •Anatomy and physiology of the heart. Heart diseases
- •Inflammation (to know) _________________ to be an important step in the process of atherosclerotic plaque formation.
- •In difficult cases or in situations where intervention to restore blood flow (to be) _____ appropriate, coronary angiography can (to perform) _______________.
- •In wilderness first aid, a possible heart attack (to justify) ____________ evacuation by the fastest available means, including medevac, even in the earliest or precursor stages.
- •Blood diseases
- •The main Forms (to include) ____________________
- •In humans, the incidence of vWd (to be) ______ roughly about 1 in 100 individuals.
- •Blood vessels and diseases of blood vessels
- •Treatment
- •Anatomy and physiology of the gi tract and gi diseases
- •The lower gastrointestinal tract (to consist) ____________ of the small intestine and the large intestine.
- •Gastritis (to be) ____ inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
- •Parasites can (to cause) ______________ dehydrating diarrhoea in infants.
- •Alcoholic Hepatitis
- •Pancreas and diseases of the pancreas
- •Anatomy
- •The pancreatic duct (to empty) ___________ into the second part of the duodenum. The common bile duct commonly (to join) ___________ the pancreatic duct at or near this point.
- •Less common causes (to include)
- •Investigations may (to include):
- •Treatment
- •Complications may (to include)
- •Epidemiology
- •About 95 percent of pancreatic tumors (to be) ______ adenocarcinomas. The remaining 5 percent (to include) ______________ other tumors of the exocrine pancreas.
- •Pancreatic cancer occasionally may (to result) _______________ in diabetes.
- •Diseases of the nervous system
- •Respiratory diseases
- •Fast fact
- •The endocrine system and endocrine diseases
- •The urinary system and urinary tract diseases
- •The ophthalmology department of kirov state medical academy
- •Eyes and eye diseases
- •Anatomy of the mammalian eye
- •Blindness
- •Glaucoma
- •Cataract
- •Skin and skin diseases
- •Bath solutions and moisturizers (to help) ________ sooth affected skin and reduce the dryness.
- •The most common types of common eczemas (to include) ____________________
- •Occasionally, the diagnosis may also (to involve) _______ a skin
- •The immune system
- •Lifestyle
- •In times of temptation...
- •It's a mind game...
- •Obesity
- •Certain populations and individuals may (to be) ______ more prone to obesity than others
- •Physical examination
- •General appearance
- •Organ systems
- •Carbohydrates, Protein, Cholesterol, Fat, Fiber
- •Make up questions and question your fellow students
- •Supplements supplement 1 rules of reading
- •Supplement 2 patterns of medication summaries
- •Supplement 3 symptoms symptoms of heart diseases
- •Symptoms of digestive disorders
- •Symptoms of bone, joint and muscle disorders
- •Clinical manifestations of liver disease
- •Symptoms of infectious diseases
- •Symptoms of brain and nerve disorders
- •The most common patterns of medical interviewing
- •Supplement 4 synonyms
- •Supplement 5
- •Doctor - patient questionnaire
- •(From the Medical Center of Flemington, the State of New Jersey, the usa)
- •Supplement 6
- •Supplement 7 diseases of the bones, joints and muscles
- •Diseases of the liver and gallbladder
- •Diseases of the cardiocirculatory system
- •Diseases of the nervous system
- •Diseases of the vascular system and blood diseases
- •Diseases of the respiratory system
- •Supplement 8 a brief review of kirov state medical academy: facts and figures
- •Ksma’s official address: 112, Karl Marx Street, Kirov, 610000, Russia
- •Supplement 9 tense and voice forms active voice
- •Supplement 10 the most communicative proverbs and sayings
- •Supplement 11 primary lexical minimum for students and postgraduates
- •Supplement 12 tests
- •Test in synonyms
- •Clinical test
- •Test in clinical topics
- •Supplement 13 Patterns for retelling texts on diseases
- •Supplement 14 medication summaries penicillins
- •If you forget a dose:
- •Infrequent:
- •Infants & children:
- •Interacts with combined effect
Blood diseases
Blood (to be) _____ a circulating tissue. Blood (to compose) _______ of fluid plasma and cells. The main three groups of blood cells (to be) _____ red blood cells or erythrocytes [i’riOresaits], white blood cells or leukocytes [‘lju:kesaits], and platelets [‘pleitlits] or thrombocytes [‘Orombosaits]. The main functions of blood (to be) _____ first, to supply nutrients (oxygen, glucose) and constitutional elements to tissues and second, to remove waste products (such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid). The blood (to circulate) _____________ around the lungs and body by the pumping action of the heart.
Blood is composed of several kinds of corpuscles [‘ko:p slz]. These formed elements of the blood (to constitute) ____________ about 45% of whole blood. The other 55% (to be) ____ blood plasma. Blood plasma (to be) _____ a yellowish fluid. The average adult (to have) ______ a blood volume of about 5 liters, of which 2.7-3 liters (to be) ____ plasma.
The corpuscles are:
Red blood cells or erythrocytes (to account) _____________96% of blood cells. These corpuscles (to lack) _____ a nucleus. so are not cells strictly speaking. They (not to be) ______ true cells. They (to contain) ________ the blood's hemoglobin and distribute oxygen. The red blood cells (to mark) ____________ by proteins that (to define) __________ different blood types.
White blood cells or leukocytes (to account) ___________ for 3.0%. They (to be) ______ part of the immune system. They (to destroy) __________ infectious agents. They (to be) _____ true cells.
Platelets or thrombocytes (to account) ______________ for 1.0% (to be) _______ responsible for blood clotting (coagulation). They (not to be) _________ true cells.
The normal erythrocyte count (to be) ____ between 4 mln and 5 mln erythrocytes per cubic milimeter.
The normal leucocyte count (to be) ____ between 4 000 and 9 000 leucocytes per cubic milimeter.
The normal thrombocyte count (to be) ____ between 180 000 and 320 000 thrombocytes per cubic milimeter. Blood plasma (to be) _____ essentially an aqueous [‘eikwies] solution containing 96% water, and 4% blood plasma proteins. Some components (to be) _____:
albumin [‘aelbjumin]; blood clotting factors; immunoglobulins (antibodies) [‘globjulinz]; hormones [‘ho:mounz]
various other proteins [‘prouti:nz]; various electrolytes [I’lektrolaits] (mainly sodium [‘soudjem] and chlorine [‘klo:ri:n])
Blood cells (to produce) ________________ in the bone marrow. The process (to term) ______________ hematopoiesis. Erythrocytes usually (to live) __________ up to 120 days before they (to replace) ___________ by new erythrocytes. In humans, oxygenated blood (to be) ____ bright red in color. Deoxygenated blood (to be) ____ dark red.
Leukemia or leukaemia (to be) _____ a cancer of the blood or bone marrow. It (to characterize) ______ by an abnormal proliferation of blood cells, usually white blood cells (leukocytes). It (to be) ____a part of the broad group of diseases called hematological neoplasms.
People with leukemia may (to become) ____________ bruised. They (to bleed) __________ excessively. Finally, the red blood cell deficiency (to lead) __________ to anaemia, which may (to cause) ___________ dyspnea.
Some other related symptoms (to include)
Fever, chills, and other flu-like symptoms
Weakness and fatigue
Loss of appetite and/or weight
Swollen or bleeding gums
Neurological symptoms (headache)
Enlarged liver and spleen
Leukemia (to be) ______ a broad term covering a spectrum of diseases.
Leukemia ______ clinically and pathologically (to split) __________ in to its acute and chronic forms.
The diseases (to classify) ___________________ according to the type of abnormal cell found most in the blood.
When leukemia (to affect) ____________ lymphoid cells, it (to call) ________ lymphocytic leukemia.
When myeloid cells (to affect) _________________, the disease (to term) __________________ myeloid or myelogenous leukemia.
Combining these two classifications provides a total of four main categories:
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (to be) ______ the most common type of leukemia in young children. This disease also (to affect) _____________ adults, especially those age 65 and older.
Acute myelogenous leukemia (to occur) __________ more commonly in adults than in children. .
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia most often (to affect) __________ adults over the age of 55. It sometimes (to occur) __________________ in younger adults, but it almost never (to affect) children.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (to occur) __________________ mainly in adults. A very small number of children also (to develop) ________________________ this disease.
The exact cause of leukemia (to be) _____ unknown but it (to influence) ______________ by both genetic and environmental factors.
Viruses __________(to link) ________________ to some forms of leukemia.
Haemophilia or hemophilia (to be) _______ the name of several hereditary genetic illnesses. They (to impair) _______________ the body's ability to control bleeding. Genetic deficiencies (or, very rarely, an autoimmune disorder) cause lowered plasma clotting factor activity so as to compromise blood-clotting; when a blood vessel is injured, a scab will not form and the vessel can continue to bleed excessively for a very long period of time. The bleeding can be external, if the skin is broken by a scrape, cut or abrasion, or it can be internal, into muscles, joints or hollow organs. It might therefore present visibly as skin bruises, or subtly as melena, hematuria, or bleeding in the brain.