XI. Write an abstract (100-120 words) of the text «Website definition» (see Appendix b) unit 2. Webpage creator

Before you read

I. Test yourself

1) What stages must be mentioned when you plan your website?

2) What information does a website contain?

3) What is the role of search engines?

II. Match the word to its explanation

1) combine

2) viewable

3) dynamic

4) engine

5) protect

6) deliver

7) principle

8) design

9) flexible

10) failure

a) a structure where the data elements may change

b) a process of transporting goods

c) a law or rule that has to be, or usually is to be followed

d) state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective

e) something that can be seen

f) to defend from trouble, harm, attack

g) a plan or convention for the construction of an object or a system

h) a tool to search for information on the World Wide Web and FTP servers

i) capable of bending easily without breaking

j) join or merge to form a single unit

III. Match the English and Ukrainian equivalents

1) bold а) розміщення, формат

2) script b) вкладений, вбудований

3) header с) асоціативна пам`ять

4) communication d) статичний пристрій запамя’товування

5. layout e) відкритий текст

6) embedded f) сервісна програма

7) content-addressable memory g) колонтитул, заголовок

8) plaintext h) документ, оригінал

9) utility i) напівжирний шрифт

10) static memory j) повідомлення, передача

IV. Read and translate the following text Webpage creator

Usability and utility determine the success or failure of a web-site. Since the visitor of the page is the only person who clicks the mouse and therefore decides everything, user-oriented design has become a standard approach for successful web design. In order to use the principles of web site design properly we should understand how users interact with web sites. Visitors look through a new page, scan some part of the text, and click on the first link that is interesting for them. In fact, there are large parts of the page they don’t even look at. Most users search for something interesting or useful to read and as soon as some promising information is found, users click the mouse button. If the new page doesn’t meet users’ expectations, the Back button is clicked and the search process is continued. If the page provides users with high-quality content, they are willing to compromise the content with advertisements and the design of the site. Analyzing a web page, users search for some fixed points or anchors which would guide them through the content of the page. Users want to control their browser and rely on the consistent data presentation throughout the site. It means, they don’t want new windows to pop up unexpectedly and they should to be able to get back with a “Back” button to the site they’ve been before. Therefore it’s a good practice to never open links in new browser windows. If the navigation and site architecture aren’t intuitive, the number of question marks grows and makes it harder for users to comprehend how the system works.

Tim Berners-Lee published the first web site in August 1991. This man was the first to combine Internet communication with hypertext. Websites are written in a markup language called HTML; its early versions were very simple. As the Web and web design progressed, the markup language has changed and become more complex and flexible. As the result this language gave the ability to add images and tables to a page. Tables were originally intended to be used for displaying tabular information. Database integration technologies such as server-side scripting and design standards like W3C further changed and enhanced the way the Web is created. Designing a web site is defined by the arrangement and creation of web pages that make up a web site.

Typical web site consists of text and images. The first page of a web site is known as the Home page or Index. Each web page within a web site is an HTML file which has its own URL. After each web page is created, they are typically connected together using a navigation menu composed of hyperlinks. Once a web site is completed, it must be published or uploaded in order to be viewable to the public over the Internet. This may be done using an FTP client. A web master may use a variety of techniques to increase the traffic that the web site receives. This may include submitting the web site to a search engine such as Google or Yahoo, exchanging links with other web sites, etc.

Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash) is a proprietary, robust graphics animation or application development program used to create and deliver dynamic content, media (e.g., sound, video) and interactive applications over the web via the browser. Many graphic artists use Flash because it gives them exact control over every part of the design. Some application designers prefer Flash because it lets them create applications that do not have to be refreshed. Flash can use embedded fonts instead of standard fonts installed on most computers; it may also be used to protect content from unauthorized duplication or searching. Alternatively, small dynamic Flash objects may be used to replace standard HTML elements (headers or menu links).

As web sites provide both static and dynamic content, some aspects of the user interface attract a lot of attention. Focusing users’ attention on specific areas of the site with the use of visual elements can help your visitors to get from point A to point B. As the Web differs from publishing, it’s necessary to adjust the writing style to users’ preferences and browsing habits.

An optimal solution for effective writing is to use short and precise phrases, scannable layout and appropriate language. The “keep it simple” principle (KIS) should be the primary goal of site design. From the visitors’ point of view, the best site design is a pure text, without any advertisement or further content blocks.